Retrocuspid papilla
Retrocuspid papilla (RCP) is a small elevated nodules mostly behind the lower canine teeth in humans(Fig.1,2).[1] It is sometimes associated with reactive arthritis.[2]
Epidemiology
[edit]The RCP are first reported in 1947 and 1965.[3][4] In a Swedish population it was first reported 1994. Among 1150 consecutively examined patients aged 20 –75 years, 10 showed RCP. Among 2000 biopsy cases from 1989 - 1992 in Department of Oral Pathology Lund University, 15 biopsies met the criteria of RCP. [5]
Clinical appearance
[edit]The lesions are bilaterally situated in the attached gingiva or close to the border of the mucosa lingual to the two mandibular canines (Fig.1).[6]
![](/media/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/bb/Retrocuspid_papilla_lingual_to_both_lower_canines.jpg/220px-Retrocuspid_papilla_lingual_to_both_lower_canines.jpg)
However, they could in a few individuals also be seen simultaneously in the molar region and on the lingual side (Fig.2).[7] They were 2–3 mm wide and high and covered with normal mucosa. Their tips were erected or could be folded down, mimicking the entrance of a periodontal abscess, but no duct was present.
![](/media/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/71/Retrocuspid_papilla_situated_on_labial_side_of_premolar_region.jpg/220px-Retrocuspid_papilla_situated_on_labial_side_of_premolar_region.jpg)
Radiographs showed no bone destruction and the depths of the periodontal pockets could not explain the presence of the lesions. They were nonsymptomatic and were not noticed by the patients.[8]
Histology
[edit]![](/media/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/97/Hematoxyline-Eosine_slide_showing_a_Retrocuspid_papilla.jpg/220px-Hematoxyline-Eosine_slide_showing_a_Retrocuspid_papilla.jpg)
Immunohistochemical staining with FXIIIa [9] antibody disclosed a population of reactive spindle- or stellate-shaped cells[10] in 11 of 15 cases, located in connective tissue papillae and in a few cases also distributed throughout the lesion. The FXIIIa-stained cells appeared together with the frequently observed stellate, "young" occasionally multinucleated fibroblastic cells observed in more than 50% of patients aged 10–69 years. It is likely that FXIIIA-expressing "mucosal dendrocytes" are pathologically involved in some way.[11][12][13]
References
[edit]- ^ Rajendran A; Sundaram S (10 February 2014). Shafer's Textbook of Oral Pathology (7th ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences APAC. p. 27. ISBN 978-81-312-3800-4.
- ^ Ghom AG; Ghom SA (30 September 2014). Textbook of Oral Medicine. JP Medical Ltd. p. 25. ISBN 978-93-5152-303-1.
- ^ Hirschfeld I: The retrocuspid papilla. Am J Orthod 1947;33:447-57.
- ^ Everett FG, Hall WB, Bennet JS: Retrocuspid papillae. Periodontics 1965;3:81-3.
- ^ Hedin CA, Gerner L, Larsson Å: The retrocuspid papilla and factor XIIIa: an epidemiologic and histomorphologic study. Scand J Dent 1994; 102:290-4.
- ^ Hedin CA, Gerner L, Larsson Å: The retrocuspid papilla and factor XIIIa: an epidemiologic and histomorphologic study. Scand J Dent 1994; 102:290-4.
- ^ Hedin CA, Gerner L, Larsson Å: The retrocuspid papilla and factor XIIIa: an epidemiologic and histomorphologic study. Scand J Dent 1994; 102:290-4.
- ^ Hedin CA, Gerner L, Larsson Å: The retrocuspid papilla and factor XIIIa: an epidemiologic and histomorphologic study. Scand J Dent 1994; 102:290-4.
- ^ Nemeth AJ, Penneys NS: Factor XIIIa is expressed by fibroblasts in fibrovascular tumors. J Cutan Pathol 1989;16:266-71.
- ^ Regezi JA, Courtney RM, Kerr DA: Fibous lesions of the skin and mucous membranes which contain stellkate and multinucleated cells. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1975;39:605-14.
- ^ Hedin CA, Gerner L, Larsson Å: The retrocuspid papilla and factor XIIIa: an epidemiologic and histomorphologic study. Scand J Dent 1994; 102:290-4.
- ^ Nickoloff BJ, Griffiths CEM: The spindle-shaped cells in cutaneous Kaposi´s sarcoma. Am J Pathol 1989;135:793-800
- ^ Cerio R, Spaull J, Oliver GF, Wilson Jones E: A study of factor XIIIa and MAC 387 immunolabeling in normal and pathological skin. Am J Dermatopathol 1990;12:221-33.