List of high-speed railway lines
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This article provides a list of operational and under construction (or approved) high-speed rail networks, listed by country or region. While the International Union of Railways defines high-speed rail as public transport by rail at speeds of at least 200 km/h (124 mph) for upgraded tracks and 250 km/h (155 mph) or faster for new tracks, the overview section of this article lists the total length of tracks that support speeds over 200 km/h (120 mph) regardless of their statuses of upgraded or newly built.[1][2]
Overview
[edit]Operational networks
[edit]The following table is an overview of high-speed rail in service and under construction by country, ranked by the amount in service. It shows all the high speed lines (speed of 200 km/h (125 mph) or over) in service. The list is based on UIC figures (International Union of Railways),[3][4] updated with other sources.[5]
Country | Continent | Operational length (km) | Under construction (km) | Total length (km) | Density (m/km2) | Length / 100,000 people (km)[a] | Top speed (km/h) | Electrification | Track gauge (mm) | Opened |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
China | Asia | 45,000[6] | 25,000 | 70,000[7] | 4.7 | 3.16 | 350[8][b] | 25 kV 50 Hz | 1435 | 2008 |
Spain | Europe | 3,966[11] | 1,000 | 5,000 | 7.84 | 8.42 | 310 | 3 kV DC; 25 kV 50 Hz | 1435; 1668 | 1992 |
Japan | Asia | 3,067[12] | 211 | 3,278 | 9.07 | 2.5 | 320[c] | 25 kV 50/60 Hz | 1435; [d] | 1964 |
France France | Europe | 2,800[13] | 200[14] | 3,000 | 4.35 | 4.32 | 320[15] | 25 kV 50 Hz | 1435 | 1981 |
United Kingdom | Europe | 2,214[16] | 230 | 2,444[17] | 9.11 | 3.27 | 300[e] | 25 kV 50 Hz AC[f] | 1435 | 1976 |
Germany | Europe | 1,658[18] | 350 | 2,008 | 4.64 | 1.99 | 300 | 15 kV 16.7 Hz | 1435 | 1991 |
Finland | Europe | 1,120[19] | 200 | 1,320 | 3.31 | 20.2 | 220 | 25 kV 50 Hz | 1524[g] | 2006 |
Italy | Europe | 1,117[20] | 900 | 2,000 | 3.71 | 1.9 | 300 | 25 kV 50 Hz; 3 kV DC | 1435 | 1977 |
South Korea | Asia | 887[21] | 500 | 1,400 | 8.84 | 1.71 | 305 | 25 kV 60 Hz | 1435 | 2004 |
Sweden | Europe | 860[19] | 276[h] | 1,136 | 1.91 | 8.1 | 205[i] | 15 kV 16.7 Hz | 1435 | 1993 |
Greece | Europe | 672[j] | 30 | 702 | 5.09 | 6.5 | 200 | 25 kV 50 Hz | 1435 | 2022 |
Russia | Europe | 650[22] | 680[23] | 1,330 | 0.04 | 0.42 | 250 | 3 kV DC; 25 kV 50 Hz | 1520 | 1984 |
Turkey | Asia | 627[k] | 1,578[l] | 2,205 | 0.8 | 0.07 | 300 | 25 kV 50 Hz | 1435 | 2009 |
Portugal | Europe | 610[m] | 90[24][n] | 700 | 7.27 | 5.95 | 300 | 25 kV 50 Hz | 1668 | 1999 |
Uzbekistan | Asia | 600[o] | 465[26] | 1,065 | 1.34 | 1.71 | 250 | 20 kV 50 Hz | 1520 | 2011 |
Saudi Arabia | Asia | 450[27] | 0 | 450 | 0.21 | 1.22 | 300 | 25 kV 50 Hz | 1435 | 2018 |
Taiwan | Asia | 350[28] | 0 | 350 | 9.67 | 1.46 | 300 | 25 kV 60 Hz | 1435 | 2007 |
Belgium | Europe | 326[p] | 3[q] | 329 | 8.25 | 2.79 | 300 | 3 kV DC, 25 kV 50 Hz |
1435 | 1997 |
Morocco | Africa | 186[29] | 0 | 186 | 0.26 | 0.49 | 320 | 25 kV 50 Hz | 1435 | 2018 |
Austria | Europe | 283[r] | 280 | 563 | 3.37 | 3.16 | 230 | 15 kV 16.7 Hz | 1435 | 1990 |
Norway | Europe | 224[s] | 0 | 224 | 0.69 | 4.09 | 210 | 15 kV 16.7 Hz | 1435 | 1998 |
Poland | Europe | 206[t] | 0 | 206 the | 1.13 | 3.16 | 200 | 3 kV DC | 1435 | 2014 |
Netherlands | Europe | 175[u] | 0 | 175 | 4.18 | 1.95 | 300[v] | 1.5 kV DC, 25 kV 50 Hz |
1435 | 2009 |
Switzerland | Europe | 164[w] | 0 | 164 | 3.97 | 1.86 | 230 | 15 kV 16.7 Hz | 1435 | 2005 |
Indonesia | Asia | 143[30] | 0 | 143 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 350 | 27.5 kV 50 Hz | 1435 | 2023 |
United States | North America | 136.6[31] | 1,600[32] | 1,736.6 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 240 | Multiple[x] | 1435 | 2000 |
Serbia | Europe | 70[33] | 338[34][35] | 408 | 0.79 | 0.98 | 200 | 25 kV 50 Hz | 1435 | 2022 |
Denmark | Europe | 60[36] | 100[37] | 160 | 0.68 | 0.98 | 200 | 25 kV 50 Hz | 1435 | 2019 |
Hong Kong | Asia | 26[38] | 0 | 26 | 23.51 | 0.35 | 200 | 1.5 kV DC, 25 kV 50 Hz |
1435 | 2018 |
By region
[edit]Region | Continent | Operational length (km) | Under construction (km) | Total length (km) | Density (m/km2) | Length / 100,000 people (km)[a] | Top speed (km/h) | Electrification | Track gauge (mm) | Opened |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Asia | 51,702 | 27,754 | 79,456 | 1.16 | 1.1 | 350 | 25 kV 50 or 60 Hz | 1435[y] | 1964 | |
Europe[z] | 17,115 | 4,677 | 21,792 | 1.68 | 2.3 | 320 | Various[aa] | 1435[ab] | 1976 | |
European Union | Europe | 13,793 | 3,429 | 17,222 | 1.35 | 325.82 | 320 | Various[aa] | 1435[ac] | 1977 |
Africa | 186 | 0 | 186 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 320 | 25 kV 50 Hz | 1435 | 2018 | |
North America | 136.6 | 1,249 | 1,329 | 0.006 | 0.02 | 240 | Multiple[ad] | 1435 | 2000 |
Freight services
[edit]Country | Continent | Service | Type | Top speed (km/h) | Introduced | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Japan | Asia | JR freight service | Light freight | 320 | 2019[39] | Operational |
Germany | Europe | IC:Kurier | Courrier | 300 | 2020[40] | Operational |
China | Asia | Freight Express | Dedicated freight train | 350 | 2020[41] | Operational on busy routes |
France | Europe | SNCF TGV La Poste | Dedicated freight train | 270 | 1984 | Defunct in 2015[42] |
Italy | Europe | Mercitalia Fast | Dedicated freight train | 300 | 2018 | Defunct in 2022 |
Networks under construction
[edit]Country/Region | Continent | Length under construction (km) | Length approved (km) | Total length (km) | Density (m/km2) | Length / 100,000 people (km)[a] | Top speed (km/h) | Electrification | Track gauge (mm) | Construction began | Planned opening |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Estonia Latvia Lithuania (Rail Baltica) |
Europe | 870[43] | 0 | 870 | 4.97 | 14.82 | 234[44] | 25 kV 50 Hz | 1435 | 2017 | 2028 |
India | Asia | 508.18[45] | 0 | 508.18 | 0.15 | 0.04 | 320 | 25 kV 50 Hz | 1435 | 2021 | 2028 |
Thailand | Asia | 250.8[46] | 220[47] | 470.8 | 0.49 | 0.02 | 250 | 25 kV 50 Hz | 1435 | 2017 | 2027 |
Iran | Asia | 410[48] | 117[49] | 527 | 0.25 | 0.46 | 300 | 25 kV 50 Hz | 1435 | 2015 | 2025 |
Egypt | Africa | 230[50] | 1,770 | 2,000 | 0.23 | 0.2 | 250 | 25 kV 50 Hz | 1435 | 2021 | 2027 |
Algeria | Africa | 132[51] | 0 | 132 | 0.06 | 0.29 | 220 | 25 kV 50 Hz | 1435 | 2012 | TBD |
Asia
[edit]China
[edit]Line | Termini | Length | Type | Maximum speed | Opening | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shanghai maglev train | Longyang Road–Pudong International | 30.5 km (19.0 mi) | New | 431 km/h (268 mph) | 2004 | Operational |
Beijing–Shanghai | Beijing south–Tianjin West / Shanghai Hongqiao | 1,318 km (819 mi) | New | 350 km/h (220 mph) | 2011 | Operational |
Beijing–Guangzhou[ae] | Beijing west–Guangzhou | 2,230 km (1,390 mi) | New | 350 km/h (220 mph) | 2012 | Operational |
Hangzhou–Fuzhou–Shenzhen | Hangzhou east–Shenzhen north | 1,495 km (929 mi) | New | 350 km/h (220 mph) | 2013 | Operational |
Huhanrong PDL | Shanghai Hongqiao–Chengdu | 2,078 km (1,291 mi) | New | 350 km/h (220 mph) | 2014 | Operational |
Shanghai–Kunming | Shanghai Hongqiao–Kunming south | 2,066 km (1,284 mi) | New | 350 km/h (220 mph) | 2016 | Operational |
Guangzhou–Kunming | Guangzhou south–Kunming south | 1,285 km (798 mi) | New | 350 km/h (220 mph) | 2016 | Operational |
Suifenhe–Manzhouli | Suifenhe–Manzhouli | 714 km (444 mi) | Upgraded | 250 km/h (160 mph) | 2018 | Operational |
Qingdao–Yinchuan | Qingdao north–Yinchuan | 1,762 km (1,095 mi) | Upgraded | 350 km/h (220 mph) | 2018 | Operational |
Beijing–Lanzhou | Beijing–Lanzhou | 1,526 km (948 mi) | Upgraded | 350 km/h (220 mph) | 2019 | Operational |
Beijing–Harbin[ae] | Beijing Chaoyang–Harbin / Dalian | 1,700 km (1,100 mi) | New | 350 km/h (220 mph) | 2021 | Operational |
Eurasia Continental Bridge | Lianyungang–Ürümqi | 3,422 km (2,126 mi) | New | 350 km/h (220 mph) | 2021 | Operational |
Coastal corridor (north extension)[af] | Dandong–Ningbo | 2,659 km (1,652 mi) | New | 350 km/h (220 mph) | 2027 | Mostly operational[ag] |
Coastal corridor (south extension)[af] | Huizhou south–Dongxing | 954 km (593 mi) | New | 350 km/h (220 mph) | 2028 | Mostly operational[ah] |
Hohhot–Nanning | Hohhot–Nanning | 2,779.7 km (1,727.2 mi) | New | 350 km/h (220 mph) | 2028 | Mostly operational[ai] |
Baotou (Yinchuan)–Hainan[aj] | Baotou–Sanya / Xi'an north | 4,664 km (2,898 mi) | New | 350 km/h (220 mph) | 2028 | Mostly operational[ak] |
Lanzhou (Xining)–Guangzhou | Lanzhou west–Guangzhou | 2,282 km (1,418 mi) | New | 350 km/h (220 mph) | 2028 | Mostly operational[al] |
Beijing–Hong Kong (Taipei) | Beijing Fengtai–Hong Kong West Kawloon / Taipei[am] | 4,392 km (2,729 mi) | New | 350 km/h (220 mph) | 2029 | Mostly operational[an] |
Shanghai–Chongqing–Chengdu | Shanghai Baoshan–Chengdu | 5,130 km (3,190 mi) | New | 350 km/h (220 mph) | 2029 | Partly operational[ao] |
Beijing–Kunming[ap] | Beijing–Kunming / Chongqing | 3,795.7 km (2,358.5 mi) | New | 350 km/h (220 mph) | 2030 | Mostly operational[aq] |
Xiamen–Chongqing | Xiamen–Chongqing | 937 km (582 mi) | New | 350 km/h (220 mph) | TBD | Partly operational[ar] |
Regional railways | Multiple lines | 1,611 km (1,001 mi) | New | 350 km/h (220 mph) | 2008–2020 | Operational |
Intercity railways | Multiple lines | 7,210 km (4,480 mi) | New | 250 km/h (160 mph) | 2008–2020 | Operational |
Class I railways | Multiple lines | 5,056.9 km (3,142.2 mi) | Upgraded | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 2012–2019 | Operational |
India
[edit]Line | Termini | Length | Type | Maximum speed | Opening | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mumbai–Ahmedabad | Mumbai BKC–Sabarmati | 508.18 km (315.77 mi) | New | 320 km/h (200 mph) | 2028 | Under construction |
Indonesia
[edit]Line | Termini | Length | Type | Maximum speed | Opening | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whoosh high-speed railway | Halim (Jakarta)–Tegalluar (Bandung) | 142.8 km (88.7 mi) | New | 350 km/h (220 mph) | 2023 | Operational |
Japan
[edit]Line | Termini | Length | Type | Maximum speed | Opening | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tokaido Shinkansen | Tokyo–Shin-Osaka | 515.4 km (320.3 mi) | New | 285 km/h (177 mph) | 1964 | Operational |
San'yō Shinkansen | Shin-Osaka–Hakata | 553.7 km (344.1 mi) | New | 300 km/h (190 mph) | 1972–1975 | Operational |
Tōhoku Shinkansen | Tokyo–Shin-Aomori | 674.9 km (419.4 mi) | New | 320 km/h (200 mph) | 1982–2010 | Operational |
Jōetsu Shinkansen | Tokyo–Niigata | 269.5 km (167.5 mi) | New | 275 km/h (171 mph) | 1982 | Operational |
Hokuriku Shinkansen | Takasaki–Tsuruga | 470.6 km (292.4 mi) | New | 260 km/h (160 mph) | 1997–2024 | Operational |
Kyushu Shinkansen | Hakata–Kagoshima-Chūō | 256.8 km (159.6 mi) | New | 260 km/h (160 mph) | 2004–2011 | Operational |
Nishi Kyushu Shinkansen | Takeo-Onsen–Nagasaki | 66 km (41 mi) | New | 260 km/h (160 mph) | 2022 | Operational |
Hokkaido Shinkansen | Shin-Aomori–Shin-Hakodate-Hokuto | 148.8 km (92.5 mi) | New | 260 km/h (160 mph) | 2016 | Operational |
Chuo Shinkansen | Shinagawa (Tokyo)–Nagoya | 285.6 km (177.5 mi) | New | 505 km/h (314 mph)[as] | 2027[at] | Under construction |
South Korea
[edit]Line | Termini | Length | Type | Maximum speed | Opening | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gyeongbu HSR | Seoul–Busan | 417.5 km (259.4 mi) | New | 305 km/h (190 mph) | 2004–2015 | Operational |
Honam HSR | Osong–Mokpo | 249.2 km (154.8 mi) | New | 305 km/h (190 mph) | 2015 | Operational |
Suseo–Pyeongtaek HSR | Suseo–PyeongtaekJije | 61.1 km (38.0 mi) | New | 305 km/h (190 mph) | 2016 | Operational |
Jeolla Line | Iksan–Yeosu Expo | 180.4 km (112.1 mi) | Upgraded | 230 km/h (140 mph) | 2011 | Operational |
Gyeonggang Line | Seowonju–Gangneung | 120.2 km (74.7 mi) | New | 250 km/h (160 mph) | 2017 | Operational |
Jungbunaeryuk Line | Bubal–Chungju | 56.9 km (35.4 mi) | New | 230 km/h (140 mph) | 2021 | Operational |
Seohae Line | Songsan–Hongseong | 90 km (56 mi) | New | 250 km/h (160 mph) | 2024 | Under construction |
Jungang Line | Cheongnyangni–Moryang | 331.3 km (205.9 mi) | Upgraded | 250 km/h (160 mph) | 2024 | Under upgradation |
Donghae Line | Pohang–Samcheok | 166.3 km (103.3 mi) | Upgraded | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 2024 | Under upgradation |
Gyeongjeon Line | Bujeon–Suncheon | 165.8 km (103.0 mi) | Upgraded | 230 km/h (140 mph) | 2025 | Under upgradation |
Taiwan
[edit]Line | Termini | Length | Type | Maximum speed | Opening | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Taiwan HSR | Nangang–Zuoying | 350 km (220 mi) | New | 300 km/h (190 mph) | 2007 | Operational |
Thailand
[edit]Line | Termini | Length | Type | Maximum speed | Opening | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bangkok–Nong Khai (Phase 1) | Krung Thep Aphiwat Central–Nakhon Ratchasima | 250.8 km (155.8 mi) | New | 250 km/h (160 mph) | 2028 | Under construction |
Don Mueang–Suvarnabhumi–U-Tapao | Don Mueang–U Tapao | 220 km (140 mi) | New | 250 km/h (160 mph) | TBD | Approved |
Uzbekistan
[edit]Line | Termini | Length | Type | Maximum speed | Opening | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tashkent–Bukhara | Tashkent–Bukhara | 600 km (370 mi) | New | 250 km/h (160 mph) | 2011 | Operational |
Middle East and North Africa
[edit]Algeria
[edit]Line | Termini | Length | Type | Maximum speed | Opening | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Oued Tlélat–Tlemcen | 132 km (82 mi) | New | 220 km/h (140 mph) | TBD | Under construction |
Egypt
[edit]Line | Termini | Length | Type | Maximum speed | Opening | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Red line | Mersa Matruh–Ain Sokhna | 660 km (410 mi) | New | 230 km/h (140 mph) | 2027 | Under construction |
Yellow line | 6th Of October City–Abu Simbel | 1,100 km (680 mi) | New | 230 km/h (140 mph) | 2027 | Approved |
Purple line | Safaga–Luxor | 240 km (150 mi) | New | 230 km/h (140 mph) | 2027 | Approved |
Morocco
[edit]Line | Termini | Length | Type | Maximum speed | Opening | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Al Boraq | Tanger-Ville–Kenitra | 186 km (116 mi)[52] | New | 320 km/h (200 mph) | 2018 | Operational |
Saudi Arabia
[edit]Line | Termini | Length | Type | Maximum speed | Opening | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Haramain HSR | Mecca–Medina | 453 km (281 mi) | New | 300 km/h (190 mph) | 2018 | Operational |
Turkey
[edit]Line | Termini | Length | Type | Maximum speed | Opening | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Polatlı–Konya | Polatlı–Konya | 212 km (132 mi) | New | 250 km/h (160 mph) | 2011 | Operational |
Ankara–Istanbul | Sincan–Köseköy | 313 km (194 mi) | New | 250 km/h (160 mph) | 2014 | Operational |
Ankara–Sivas | Kayaş–Sivas | 394 km (245 mi) | New | 250 km/h (160 mph) | 2023 | Operational |
Istanbul–Kapıkule railway | Halkalı–Kapıkule | 229 km (142 mi) | Upgraded | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 2025 | Under upgradation |
Mersin–Adana–Gaziantep railway | Mersin–Gaziantep | 303 km (188 mi) | Upgraded | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 2025 | Under upgradation |
Polatlı–İzmir | Polatlı–Alsancak | 588 km (365 mi) | New | 250 km/h (160 mph) | 2026 | Under construction |
Konya–Yenice railway | Konya–Yenice | 344.7 km (214.2 mi) | Upgraded | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 2027 | Under upgradation |
Northern Europe
[edit]Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania)
[edit]Line | Termini | Length | Type | Maximum speed | Opening | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rail Baltica | Tallinn–Vilnius | 870 km (540 mi) | New | 234 km/h (145 mph) | 2027 | Under construction |
Denmark
[edit]Line | Termini | Length | Type | Maximum speed | Opening | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Øresund Line | Copenhagen Central–Swedish border | 20 km (12 mi)[au] | New | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 2000 | Operational |
Copenhagen–Ringsted Line | Copenhagen central–Ringsted | 60 km (37 mi) | New | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 2019 | Operational |
Fehmarn Belt fixed link | — | 8.3 km (5.2 mi)[au] | New | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 2028 | Under construction |
Finland
[edit]New main lines
[edit]Line name | Start and end points | Maximum speed | Opening or opened | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lahti Main Line | Kerava–Lahti | 220 km/h (140 mph) | September 3, 2006 | 75.7 km (47.0 mi) |
Espoo–Salo Railway | Espoo–Salo | 300 km/h (190 mph) | 2031 (planned) | 95 km (59 mi) |
Helsinki-Tampere High Speed Railway (partially using Lentorata) | Helsinki–Tampere | 300 km/h (190 mph) | 2027+ (approved in 2019) | 100 km (62 mi) |
Lentorata | Helsinki–Vantaa Airport | 220 km/h (140 mph) | 2027+ (approved in 2019) | 30 km (19 mi) |
Helsinki–Porvoo–Kouvola (partially using Lentorata) | Vantaa–Porvoo–Kouvola | 300 km/h (190 mph) | 2027+ (approved in 2019) | 126 km (78 mi) |
Arctic Railway | Rovaniemi–Kirkenes | 250 km/h (160 mph) | 2030+ | 526 km (327 mi) |
Upgraded lines
[edit]Line name | Start and end points | Maximum speed | Upgrade | Opening | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Finnish Coastal Railway | Helsinki–Turku | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 1995 | 1902 | approximately 50 km (31 mi) (high speed section); 195.8 km (total) |
Helsinki–Riihimäki Railway | Helsinki–Riihimäki | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 1995 | 1862 | 71.4 km (44.4 mi) |
Lahti–Kouvola Railway | Lahti–Kouvola | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 1995 | 1870 | 61.4 km |
Main line to Petersburg | Kouvola–Russian border | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 2013 | 1870 | 55 km (upgraded section) |
Karelian Railway | Kouvola–Joensuu | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 1995 | 1894 | 112.3 km (69.8 mi) (high-speed section); 325,8 km (total) |
Savo Railway | Kouvola–Iisalmi | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 1995 | 1902 | 42.8 km (26.6 mi) (high-speed section); 357,8 km (total) |
Riihimäki–Tampere Railway | Riihimäki–Tampere | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 1995 | 1862–1876 | 116 km (72 mi) |
Seinäjoki–Oulu Railway (Seinäjoki–Kokkola section) | Seinäjoki–Kokkola | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 2010–2013 | 1886 | 134 km (83 mi) |
Seinäjoki–Oulu Railway (Kokkola-Oulu section) | Kokkola–Oulu | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 2010–2017 | 1886 | 200.8 km (124.8 mi) |
Tampere–Seinäjoki Railway | Tampere–Seinäjoki | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 1995 | 1880 | 160 km (99 mi) |
Norway
[edit]Line | Speed | Length | Construction began | Expected start of revenue services |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gardermobanen | 210 km/h | 67 km | 1994 | 1999 |
Vestfold Line | 200–250 km/h | 55.5 km (now); full ≈129 km line by 2032 | 1993 | 2012–2018–2025–2032 |
Dovre Line (Eidsvoll–Lillehammer) | 250 km/h | 17 km (now); segment's full 105 km by 2034 | 2012 | 2015–2023–2027–2034 |
Follo Line | 250 km/h | 22 km | 2014 | 11 December 2022 |
Østfoldbanen | 250 km/h | 77 km (by 2024); 112.35 km (by 2030) | 2019 | 2024–≈2030 |
Ringerike Line | 250 km/h | 40 km | 2021 | 2028–≈2029 |
Grenlandsbanen | 250 km/h | 59 km | unknown | 2035 |
Bergen Line | 200 km/h | 69.2 km (high-speed); 371 km (full) | unknown | 2030 |
Sweden
[edit]New lines
[edit]Line name | Start and end points | Maximum speed | Opening | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Bothnia Line | Västeraspby–Umeå | 250 km/h (155 mph)[53] (no trains permitted to operate above 200 km/h (125 mph)) | 2010 | 190 km (120 mi) |
Planned lines
[edit]Line | Speed | Construction began | Expected start of revenue services |
---|---|---|---|
The North Bothnia Line
Norrbotniabanan |
250 km/h (155 mph) | August 2018 (Umeå–Dåva section) | 2024 |
The West Link
Västlänken |
May 2018 | 2026 | |
The East Link
Ostlänken |
250 km/h (155 mph) | 2023–2024 (estimated) | 2033–2035 |
Southeast Link
Sydosstlänken |
160 km/h (100 mph) | 2028–2033 (possible) | ? |
Gothenburg–Borås Double Tracks | 250 km/h (155 mph)? | Not been decided | |
Hässleholm–Lund Four Tracks | 250 km/h (155 mph)? | Not been decided |
Upgraded lines
[edit]There are plans to upgrade some lines to 250 km/h when the ERTMS signalling system is introduced in 2025–2030.
Line name | Start and end points | Maximum speed | Upgrade | Opening | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ådalen Line (Sundsvall–Västeraspby) | Sundsvall–Västeraspby | 200 km/h | 1990–2029? | 30 km (high-speed part of Bothnia Line) | |
Southern Main Line | Katrineholm–Malmö | 200 km/h | 1995–2024? | 336 km (high-speed); 16 km (under upgrading); 480 (total) | |
Western Main Line | Stockholm–Göteborg | 200 km/h | 1989–1995 | 312 km (high-speed); 455 km (total) | |
West Coast Line | 200 km/h | 1985–2024? | 172 km (high-speed); 230 km (total) | ||
Svealand Line | 250 km/h | 1997 * | 80 km | ||
Jakobsberg–Västerås (Mälar Line) | 200 km/h (now)
250 km/h (soon) |
2001 * | 90 km | ||
Örebro–Kolbäck (Mälar Line) | 200 km/h | before 2036? | 45 km (upgraded now); 35 km (to be upgraded before 2036) | ||
East Coast Line (Stockholm–Arlanda–Uppsala) | 200 km/h | 1999 | 1903 | 56 km (of which 19 km is new airport branch) | |
East Coast Line (Gävle–Enånger) | 200 km/h | 1999 * | 40 km (high-speed); 105 km (full) | ||
East Coast Line (Uppsala–Gävle) | 200 km/h | 2017 | 83 km; (high-speed) 110 km; (full) | ||
East Coast Line (Hudiksvall–Sundsvall) | 200 km/h | 2030–2040? | 50 km | ||
Norway/Vänern Line | Göteborg C–Öxnered | 200 km/h | 2012 * | 1879 | 82 km (high-speed) - 79 km (to be upgraded) - 300 km (total) |
Northern Main Line | Gävle–Ånge | 200 km/h | 1879 | 22 km (high-speed); 268 km (total) | |
Värmland Line | Laxå–Karlstad | 200 km/h | 1871 | 46 km (high-speed); 208 km (total) | |
Coast-to-Coast Line | Emmaboda–Kalmar; Emmaboda–Karlskrona | 200 km/h | 1994 | 1874–1902 | 25 km (high-speed); 410 km (total) |
- The lines marked with * were to a large part given a new alignment when upgrading from single track, essentially making them new lines. The other ones were straight enough for 200 km/h already.
Western Europe
[edit]Austria
[edit]All high-speed railway lines in Austria are upgraded lines.
Line | Speed | Length | Construction began | Service started |
---|---|---|---|---|
Western Railway | 230 km/h | 312.2 km | Unknown | December 9, 2012 (Vienna–St. Pölten) 2025–2032 |
Brenner Base Tunnel | 250 km/h | 56 km | Summer 2006 | 2032 (claimed) |
Koralm Railway | 250 km/h | 125 km | 2001 | 2026 |
Belgium
[edit]New high-speed line
[edit]Line name | Start and end points | Maximum speed | Opening | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
HSL 1 | LGV Nord–Bruxelles-Sud | 300 km/h (190 mph) | December 14, 1997 | 88 km (55 mi) |
HSL 2 | Bruxelles-Nord–Liège-Guillemins | 300 km/h (190 mph) | December 15, 2002 | 95 km (59 mi) |
HSL 3 | Liège-Guillemins–Cologne-Aachen | 260 km/h (160 mph) | June 14, 2009 | 56 km (35 mi) |
HSL 4 | Antwerpen-Centraal–HSL Zuid | 300 km/h (190 mph) | 2009 | 87 km (54 mi) |
Line 25N | Schaerbeek–Mechelen | 160 km/h (99 mph) (now) 220 km/h (140 mph) (soon) |
2019–2020 | 20 km (12 mi) |
Line 50A | Brussels-South railway station–Ostend | 160 km/h (99 mph) (now) 200 km/h (120 mph) (soon) |
2020+ (upgrading) | 114.3 km (71.0 mi) |
Line 36N | Brussels-North railway station–Leuven | 200 km/h (120 mph) (after 2012) | 2003–2006 | 28.8 km (17.9 mi) |
Line 96N | Brussels-South railway station–Halle | 160 km/h (99 mph) (now) 200 km/h (120 mph) (soon) |
2020+ | 13.6 km (8.5 mi) |
France
[edit]New high-speed lines
[edit]French figures of LGV length count only new tracks and not total length between terminal stations (i.e.: 409 km instead of 425 km for the LGV Sud-Est)
Upgraded lines
[edit]Line name | Start and end points | Maximum speed | Upgrade | Opening | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Paris–) Étampes–Orléans–Vierzon | Étampes–Vierzon | 200 km/h | 1967 | 1847 | 143 km[56] |
LGV Lyon–Turin 2nd part | Lyon–Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne | 220 km/h | 2030 | 1861 | (with 18.8 km upgraded) |
Bordeaux–Irun railway | Bordeaux–Dax | 200 km/h | 2017 | 1864 | 37.5 km (Labouheyre section) |
Ligne de Coutras à Tulle | Coutras–Mussidan | 200 km/h | Unknown | 1871 | 29.6 km |
Paris–Lille railway | Gare du Nord–Lille | 200 km/h | 1993 | 1846 | 3.7 km[56] (200 km/h sections) |
Mantes-la-Jolie–Cherbourg railway | Cherbourg–Bernay | 200 km/h | 1989 | 1855–1858 | 85.267 km[56] (200 km/h sections) |
(Paris–) Connerré–Brest | Connerré–Brest | 220 km/h | 1990 | 1865 | 53.6 km |
Savenay–Landerneau railway | 220 km/h | 1990s | 1862–1867 | 42 km | |
Le Mans–Angers railway | Le Mans–Angers | 220 km/h | 2010s | 1863 | 73.8 km[56] |
(Paris–) Marseille | Gare de Lyon–Marseille-Saint-Charles station | 200 km/h | 1970s | 1855 | 96.2 km[56] (200 km/h sections) |
(Paris–) Clermont-Ferrand | Gare de Lyon–Clermont-Ferrand | 200 km/h | 2003 | 1853 | 53.5 km[56] (200 km/h sections) |
Strasbourg–Basel railway | Strasbourg–Mulhouse | 220 km/h | 1995 | 1844 | 141.3 km[56] |
Saint-Benoît–La Rochelle-Ville (Ligne de Saint-Benoît à La Rochelle-Ville [fr]) | Saint-Benoît–La Rochelle-Ville | 200 km/h | 2017 (claimed) | 1857 | 106 km[56] |
Dijon-Ville–Vallorbe (Swiss border) | Dijon-Ville–Dole-Ville | 200 km/h | (planned) | 1855–1915 | (46.3 km) |
Paris-Est–Strasbourg-Ville railway | Le Chénay-Gagny to LGV Est junction | 220 km/h | 2015 | (6.6 km) | |
Moret–Lyon railway | Gien to Saint-Étienne-Châteaucreux station | 200 km/h | 2011 | (62.5 ;km) | |
Ligne de Saint-Germain-des-Fossés à Nantes (Tours–Saint-Nazaire railway) | 190–200 km/h | 1990s | 1848–1857 | (37.0 km) | |
Clermont-Ferrand to Riom | 190–200 km/h | 1976–2020 | (14 km) | ||
Total | 1,192 km |
Germany
[edit]New high-speed lines
[edit]Upgraded lines
[edit]Line name | Start and end points | Maximum speed | Upgrade | Opening | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Saale-Bamberg Railway | Saale–Bamberg | 200 km/h | Before 2035 | 1848–1885 | 128.2 km |
Appenweier–Strasbourg railway | Kehl–Appenweier | 200 km/h | 2010–2023 | 1861 | 13.5 km (high-speed); 22 (total) |
Munich–Treuchtlingen railway | Munich–Treuchtlingen | 200 km/h | 2006–2013 | 1870 | 29 km (high-speed); 136.7 (total) |
Halle–Bebra railway | Bebra–Erfurt | 200 km/h | 2014–2019 | 1846–1849 | 96.13 km (high-speed); 210 km (total); 79.63 km (planned) |
Bebra–Fulda railway | Bebra–Fulda | 200 km/h | before 2030 | 1866 | 66 km |
Berlin–Halle railway | Berlin–Halle | 200 km/h | 1992–2006 | 1841–1859 | 161.6 km (new line in parallel at Leipzig-Halle section) |
Berlin–Görlitz railway | Berlin–Cottbus | 200 km/h | 2023–2027 (Approved) | 1866–1867 | 114.7 km |
Berlin–Dresden railway | 200 km/h | 2012–2020–2024 | 1875 | 174.2 km | |
Hamm–Warburg railway | Hamm–Warburg | 200 km/h | 1993–1994 | 1850–1853 | 8.4 km (high-speed); 131 km (total) |
Berlin–Hamburg Railway | Berlin–Hamburg | 230 km/h | 1997–2004 (160 km/h operations in the 1930s) | 1846 | 284.1 km |
Wanne-Eickel–Hamburg railway | Wanne-Eickel–Hamburg | 200 km/h | 1978–1990 | 1870–1874 | 355 km |
Cologne–Aachen high-speed railway | Köln–Aachen | 250 km/h | 2002 | 1841 | 70 km |
Cologne–Duisburg railway | Köln–Duisburg | 200 km/h | 1991 | 1845–1846 | 64 km |
Dortmund–Hamm railway | Dortmund–Hamm | 200 km/h | 1986 | 1845–1847 | 31 km; of which 20 km is high-speed |
Hanover–Hamburg railway | Hanover–Hamburg | 200 km/h | 1984–1987 | 1846–1847 | 181.2 km |
Hamm–Minden railway | Hamm–Minden | 200 km/h (300 km/h planned) | 1980 | 1847 | 112 km |
Hanover–Minden railway | Hanover–Minden | 200 km/h | 1984–1985 | 1847 | 64.4 km |
Leipzig–Dresden railway | Leipzig–Dresden | 200 km/h | 1994–2014 | 1837–1839 | 117 km |
Trebnitz–Leipzig railway | Leipzig–Bitterfeld | 200 km/h | 2006 | 1859 | 21.5 km |
Nuremberg–Würzburg Railway | Nuremberg–Würzburg | 200 km/h | 1992–1999 | 1854–1865 | 102.2 km |
Regensburg–Passau railway | Obertraubling-Platting | 200 km/h | 2006-2030 | 1859–1873 | 57.5 km |
Rhine Railway Mannheim-Karlsruhe | Mannheim–Karlsruhe | 250 km/h | 1987 | 1840–1855 | 61 km (upgraded southern section 200 km/h) |
Rhine Railway Karlsruhe-Rastatt | Karlsruhe–Rastatt Süd | 250 km/h | 2024 | 1840–1855 | ~30 km (under construction) |
Rhine Railway Rastatt-Offenburg | Rastatt Süd–Offenburg | 250 km/h | 2001 | 1840–1855 | ~50 km |
Rhine Railway Offenburg-Basel | Offenburg–Basel | 250 km/h | unknown | 1840–1855 | ≈120 km[59] |
Rosenheim–Salzburg railway | Rosenheim–Salzburg | 200 km/h | to be upgraded before 2030 | 1828–1838 | 88.6 km |
Löhne–Rheine railway | Löhne station–Rheine station | 200 km/h (230 km/h in short period after) | before 2030 | 1850s | 124 km |
Mannheim–Frankfurt railway | Mannheim–Frankfurt | 200 km/h | 1985–1999 | 1869–1879 | 74.8 km |
Munich–Regensburg railway | Munich–Landshut | 230 km/h | before 2030 | 1859–1873 | 76.1 km |
Munich–Rosenheim railway | Munich–Rosenheim | 230 km/h | before 2030 | 1871 | 21.4 km (upgrading); 65 km |
Main–Spessart railway | Hanau–Würzburg | 200 km/h | 2013–2017 | 1854 | 38.254 km (high-speed); 112.5 km (total) |
Kinzig Valley Railway (Hesse) | Hanau–Fulda | 200 km/h | 2007–2021 | 1866–1875 | 16 km (high-speed); 80.6 km (total) |
Munich–Augsburg railway | Munich–Augsburg | 230 km/h | 1977–2011 | 1839–1854 | 61.9 km |
Ulm–Augsburg railway | Ulm–Augsburg | 200 km/h (now); 250 km/h (soon) | 1988–1992 | 1853 | 85.9 km |
Waghäusel Saalbach–Graben-Neudorf railway | Waghäusel Saalbach–Graben-Neudorf | 200 km/h | 1977–1988 | 1980s | 7.94 km |
Mannheim–Saarbrücken railway | Mannheim–Saarbrücken | 160 km/h (some sections are 200 km/h ready) | 2003-2025 (under upgrading) | 1847–1904 | 130.5 km |
Nuremberg–Augsburg railway | Nuremberg–Augsburg | 200 km/h | 1978–1981 | 1841–1869 | 36.5 km (high-speed section); 137.1 km (total) |
Lübeck–Puttgarden railway | Lübeck–Puttgarden | 200 km/h | 2028 (upgrading) | 1898–1928 | 88.6 km |
Lübeck–Hamburg railway | Lübeck–Hamburg Hauptbahnhof | 200 km/h | 2027 (upgrading) | 1865 | 62.8 km |
Oberhausen–Arnhem railway | Emmerich–Oberhausen | 200 km/h | unknown (upgrading approved) | 1854 | 73 km |
Oberhausen–Duisburg-Ruhrort railway | Duisburg-Ruhrort–Oberhausen | 200 km/h | unknown (upgrading approved) | 1848 | 8.6 km |
Plauen–Cheb line | Plauen–Cheb | 200 km/h | EIS phase | 1865 | 73.9 km |
Munich–Mühldorf railway | Munich–Mühldorf | 200 km/h | planned | 1853–1863 | 45.609 km (high-speed); 115.087 km (total) |
Uelzen–Langwedel railway | Uelzen–Langwedel | 200 km/h | Before 2030 | 1873 | 97.4 km |
Wunstorf–Bremen railway | Wunstorf–Bremen | 200 km/h | Before 2030 | 1847 | 122.3 km |
Stendal–Uelzen railway | Stendal–Uelzen | 200 km/h | Before 2030 | 1873 | 107.5 km |
Magdeburg-Wittenberge railway | Stendal–Magdeburg | 200 km/h | Before 2030 | 1846 | 58.7 km |
Magdeburg–Leipzig railway | Magdeburg–Halle | 200 km/h | Before 2030 | 1840 | 86.3 km |
Magdeburg-Wittenberge railway | Stendal–Magdeburg | 200 km/h | Before 2030 | 1846 | 58.7 km |
Leipzig–Hof railway | Leipzig–Gößnitz | 200 km/h | Before 2035 | 1842 | 53.5 km |
Münster–Rheine railway | Münster–Rheine | 200 km/h | Before 2030 | 1846 | 39 km |
Cologne-Wuppertal Railway | Cologne–Wuppertal | 200 km/h | Before 2030 | 1868 | 41.3 km |
Brunswick–Wolfsburg Railway | Braunschweig–Wolfsburg | 200 km/h | Before 2030 | 1844–1904 | 27.2 km |
Neustrelitz–Warnemünde railway | Rostock–Neustrelitz | 200 km/h | Before 2035 | 1886 | 113.2 km |
Main-Neckar Railway | Darmstadt Hbf–Heidelberg Hbf | 200 km/h | Before 2030 | 1846 | 59.7 km |
Berlin–Wrocław railway | Berlin–Frankfurt-Am-Oder | 200 km/h | 2027 (planned) | 1847 | 81.2 km |
Netherlands
[edit]New high-speed line
[edit]Line name | Start and end points | Maximum speed | Opening | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
HSL-Zuid | Amsterdam Centraal–HSL 4 | 300 km/h | 2009-09-07 | 125 km |
Hanzelijn | Lelystad–Zwolle | 160 km/h (200 km/h ready) | December 2012; high-speed expected in 2021 | 50 km |
Upgraded lines
[edit]Line name | Start and end points | Maximum speed | Opening | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Rhine Railway | Amsterdam–German border | 140/160 km/h (restricted) 200 km/h will be after further electrification upgrades |
2023 | 116.8 km |
Switzerland
[edit]Line | Max speed | Operating speed (passenger) | Length | Construction began | Construction completed or
start of revenue services |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mattstetten–Rothrist new line | 200 km/h (125 mph) | 200 km/h (125 mph) | 45 km | 1996 | 2004 |
Solothurn-Wanzwil new line | Per section:
200 km/h (125 mph) or 140 km/h (85 mph) |
Per section:
200 km/h (125 mph) or 140 km/h (85 mph) |
12 km | ? | 2004 |
Lötschberg Base Tunnel | 250 km/h (155 mph) | 200 km/h (125 mph) | 35 km | 1994 | 2007 |
Gotthard Base Tunnel | Technical:
250 km/h (155 mph) Authorized: 230 km/h (145 mph) |
Normal:
200 km/h (125 mph) If delay: 230 km/h (145 mph) |
57 km | 1999 | 2016 |
Ceneri Base Tunnel | Technical:
250 km/h (155 mph) Authorized: 230 km/h (145 mph) |
Normal:
200 km/h (125 mph) If delay: 230 km/h (145 mph) |
15 km | 2006 | 2020 |
United Kingdom
[edit]New high-speed lines
[edit]Line name | Start and end points | Maximum speed | Opening | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
High Speed 1 | Channel Tunnel–Fawkham Junction via Ashford International (Section 1) | 300 km/h (186 mph) |
2003-09-28 | 74 km (46 mi) |
Fawkham Junction–London St Pancras International via Ebbsfleet International and Stratford International (Section 2) | 300 km/h (186 mph) |
2007-11-14 | 39 km (24 mi) | |
High Speed 2 | London Euston-Birmingham Curzon Street/Rugeley Trent Valley (Handsacre Junction)/Crewe via Birmingham Interchange (Phase 1) | 360 km/h (225 mph)[60] |
2031 (Under construction[61]) | 230 km |
Birmingham Interchange-Crewe (Phase 2a) | 360 km/h (225 mph) |
Cancelled | 90 km (56 mi) | |
Crewe–Manchester Piccadilly and Birmingham Interchange–Leeds City/York (Ulleskelf Junction) (Phase 2b) | 360 km/h (225 mph) |
Cancelled | 300 km (190 mi) | |
High Speed 3/Northern Powerhouse Rail/Crossrail for the North | Liverpool Lime Street–Manchester Airport High Speed via Warrington Bank Quay and via the High Speed 2 section between Manchester Airport High Speed and Manchester Piccadilly | 225/360 km/h (140 mph)/(225 mph) |
Cancelled | ~50 km (31 mi) |
Manchester Piccadilly–Leeds via Bradford Interchange. | 225 km/h (140 mph) |
Cancelled | ~60 km (37 mi) |
Upgraded lines
[edit]Line name | Start and end points | Maximum speed | Opening | Electrification | Length | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
East Coast Main Line | King's Cross–Edinburgh Waverley | 201 km/h (125 mph) 225 km/h (140 mph) (in cases of delay; to be applied after ERTMS re-signalling) |
1850 | 1980s | 632 km (393 mi); 608.4 km (378.0 mi)[62] | The fastest non-dedicated line in the UK. During electrification in the 1980s was claimed as the longest construction site in the world. Speeds up to 125 mph were achieved in the 1930s. |
Great Western Main Line | London Paddington–Bristol Temple Meads | 201 km/h (125 mph) (now) 225 km/h (140 mph) (soon) |
1840 | incomplete, still ongoing | 190.2 km (118.2 mi) | |
South Wales Main Line | Swindon–Severn Tunnel-Swansea | 201 km/h (125 mph) (Swindon–Coalpit Heath) 160 km/h (99 mph) (the rest) |
1850 | 2012–2019 | ~41.6 km (25.8 mi) (upgraded); 133 km (83 mi) (full) | |
Midland Main Line | St Pancras–Sheffield | 201 km/h (125 mph) | 1870 | ongoing; high-speed trains are with diesel | 265 km (165 mi) 179 km (111 mi) (high-speed section) |
110 mph; 125 mph ready |
West Coast Main Line | London Euston–Glasgow Central (mainline itself) | 201 km/h (125 mph)[63] | 1869 | 1960s–1970s | 645 km (401 mi); 590.5 km (366.9 mi)[64] | failed to be upgraded to 225 km/h (140 mph) |
Rugby–Coventry | 1852 | 1960s–1970s | ~16 km (9.9 mi) | |||
Wolverhampton–Stafford | 1852 | 1960s–1970s | ~22 km (14 mi) | |||
Cross Country Route | York–Bristol Temple Meads | 201 km/h (125 mph) | 1879 | incomplete | >170 km (110 mi)(high-speed) | Leeds–York and Birmingham–Wakefield (partially using Midland Main Line) sections are high-speed |
Eastern Europe
[edit]Poland
[edit]Upgraded lines
[edit]Line name | Start and end points | Maximum speed | Opening | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Warsaw–Gdańsk railway (PKP rail line 9) | Warsaw–Gdańsk | 200 km/h (120 mph) | December 2020 | 145 km |
PKP rail line 4 | Włoszczowa–Zawiercie | 200 km/h (120 mph) 230–250 km/h (140–160 mph) scheduled in 2023 | 2014-12-14 | 58 km (36 mi)[65] |
Grodzisk Mazowiecki–Idzikowice | 2017-12-10 | 85 km (53 mi)[65] | ||
other upgradable sections | 230–250 km/h (140–160 mph) | 2017–2023 (projected) | 44 km (27 mi)[65] | |
Warsaw–Białystok–Ełk–Suwałki–national border (Rail Baltica, partially new line between Ełk and national border) | Warsaw–Trakiszki | 200 km/h (120 mph) Warszawa–Ełk; 250 km/h (160 mph) Ełk–national border | 2025 (projected) | 281 km (upgradable section) |
PKP rail line 131 | Bydgoszcz–Tczew | 200 km/h (120 mph) | After 2023 | 124 km (upgrading); 492 km (full line) |
New lines
[edit]Line name | Start and end points | Maximum speed | Opening | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Y-shape line | Phase 1: | 250 km/h (160 mph) | Phase 1: 2027–2029 (with Central Transport Hub) | 450 km |
CMK Północ / PKP rail line 5 | Central Transport Hub (Solidarity Airport)–Płock–Włocławek–Grudziądz–Tczew/Gdańsk | 250 km/h (160 mph) | After 2030 | ~295 km |
Connector between Y-shape line, PKP rail line 4 and PKP rail line 5 | Central Transport Hub (Solidarity Airport)-Korytów | 250 km/h (160 mph) | 2027–2029 (with Central Transport Hub) | ~25 km |
Shortcut in PKP rail line 9 | Warszawa Choszczówka-Nasielsk/Kątne/Świercze | 250 km/h (160 mph) | ? | ~33 km |
V4 rail corridor (loose concept) | Warsaw–Bratislava–Budapest | 250 km/h (160 mph) | ? | 900 km (560 mi) (total; including foreign line) |
Romania
[edit]Upgraded lines
[edit]Start and end points | Maximum speed | Upgrade | Length |
---|---|---|---|
Bucharest–Cluj | 200 km/h | 2020 (construction delayed) | 497 km |
Cluj–Hungarian border | 200 km/h | 2020–2026 (upgrading claimed) | 160 km |
Bucharest–Iasi | 200 km/h | Proposed | 406 km |
Ploiești–Suceava | 200 km/h | Proposed | 505 km |
Russia
[edit]Upgraded lines
[edit]Line name | Start and end points | Maximum speed | Opening | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Moscow–Saint Petersburg Railway | Moscow–Saint Petersburg | 250 km/h (160 mph) (9% of tracks), 100–200 km/h (the rest) | 1997–2001 (bypass over Msta river, capable of 200+ km/h) 1990s (200 km/h weekly service) 2009 (250 km/h daily service) Ongoing upgrading (third track at exits from cities) |
650 km (400 mi) |
Riihimäki–Saint Petersburg Railway | Riihimäki–Saint Petersburg | 220 km/h (140 mph) (Finnish section), 140–200 km/h (Russian section) | 2010 | 195 km (121 mi) (157 km upgraded; the rest 38 km electrified in 2006–2009) |
Gorkovskaya Railway | Moscow–Nizhny Novgorod[66] | 200 km/h[67] | 2010 (higher-speed); 2020 (high-speed) | 95 km (59 mi) |
New lines
[edit]Line name | Start and end points | Maximum speed | Opening | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
High-speed railway Moscow-Sain Petersburg | Moscow–Saint Petersburg | 250–400 km/h (160–250 mph) | Planned in 1980s Construction started in 1997 (only Msta river bridge finished by 2001) Postponed at the most of its length in 1998 crisis Project approved in 2000s now is granted[clarification needed] by the government (to be completed before 2030) |
679 km (422 mi) |
HSR Moscow–Kazan | Moscow–Kazan | 400 km/h (250 mph) | Construction was originally planned to break ground at 2018; now postponed in favour of HSR Moscow–Saint Petersburg | 762 km (473 mi) |
HSR Ural | Chelyabinsk–Yekaterinburg | 300 km/h (190 mph) | Postponed due to COVID-19 pandemic | 218 km (135 mi) |
HSR Moscow–Rostov-on-Don–Adler | Moscow–Adler | 400 km/h (250 mph) | 2035 (claimed) | 1,550 km (960 mi) |
Serbia
[edit]Line name | Start and end points | Maximum speed | Opening | Length | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Belgrade–Novi Sad high-speed railway | Belgrade–Novi Sad | 200 km/h (124 mph) | March 2022 | 75 km (46.6 mi) | Completed |
Novi Sad–Subotica high-speed railway | Novi Sad–Subotica | 200 km/h (124 mph) | Expected 2025 | 108.2 km (67.2 mi) | Under construction |
Southern Europe
[edit]Italy
[edit]New high-speed lines
[edit]Line name | Start and end points | Maximum speed | Opening or opened | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Florence–Rome high-speed railway | Florence–Rome | 250 km/h (160 mph) | May 26, 1992 (full length) | 254 km (158 mi) |
Rome–Naples high-speed railway | Rome–Naples | 300 km/h (190 mph) | December 29, 2005 (full length) | 205 km (127 mi) |
Naples–Salerno high-speed railway | Naples–Salerno | 250 km/h (160 mph) | June 2008 | 29 km (18 mi) |
Turin–Milan high-speed railway | Turin–Milan | 300 km/h (190 mph) | December 5, 2009 (full length) | 125 km (78 mi) |
Milan–Bologna high-speed railway | Milan–Bologna | 300 km/h (190 mph) | December 13, 2008 | 215 km (134 mi) |
Bologna–Florence high-speed railway | Bologna–Florence | 300 km/h (190 mph) | December 5, 2009 | 78 km (48 mi) |
Milan–Verona high-speed railway | Milan–Verona | 300 km/h (190 mph) | 2023 (under construction)[68] | 77 km (48 mi) (in operation); 165 km (103 mi) (full line under construction) |
Tortona–Genoa high-speed railway | Tortona–Genova | 250 km/h (160 mph) | 2025 (under construction) | 53 km (33 mi) |
Brenner Base Tunnel | 250 km/h (160 mph) | December 21, 2025 | 56 km (35 mi) | |
Verona-Brenner | 250 km/h (160 mph) | 2025 | 276 km (171 mi) | |
Verona-Venice | 300 km/h (190 mph) | unknown | 28 km (17 mi) (in operation); 103 km (64 mi) (full line under construction) |
Upgraded lines
[edit]Line name | Start and end points | Maximum speed | Opening | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Naples-Foggia | Naples–Foggia | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 2026 (to be upgraded) | 23 km (14 mi) (now); 194 km (121 mi) (full line approved) |
Salerno–Reggio Calabria railway | Salerno–Reggio Calabria | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 1987–2021 | 135.3 km (84.1 mi) (out of 333 km) |
Milan–Bologna railway | Milan–Bologna | 200 km/h (120 mph) | upgraded in 1930s | 219 km (136 mi) |
Adriatic railway | Lecce–Bari–Foggia | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 2023 (to be upgraded) | 32 km (20 mi) (upgraded or new); 160.96 km (100.02 mi) (upgrading); 594 km (369 mi) (full) |
Bologna–Ancona railway | Bologna–Ancona | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 2015; ? (to be upgraded) | 52 km (32 mi) (upgraded or new); 204 km (127 mi) (full, to be upgraded) |
Route to Swiss border | Milan–Chiasso | 200 km/h (120 mph) | Unknown (to be upgraded) | 51 km (32 mi) |
Genoa–Ventimiglia railway | Genoa–Ventimiglia | 180 km/h (110 mph) (now; upgradable) | Unknown (to be upgraded) | 50.2 km (31.2 mi) |
Livorno–Rome railway | Cecina–Toscana/Lazio border | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 150.5 km (93.5 mi) | |
Verona–Bologna railway | Verona–Bologna | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 113 km (70 mi) | |
Verona-Venice old railway | Verona–Venice | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 50.7 km (31.5 mi) | |
Rome–Ancona railway | Foligno–Fabriano | 200 km/h (120 mph) | (planned) | 53.279 km (33.106 mi) |
Portugal
[edit]Upgraded lines
[edit]Line name | Start and end points | Maximum speed | Opening | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Linha do Norte | Porto-Campanhã–Lisboa-Santa Apolónia | 220 km/h (140 mph) | 1999 | 117 km (high-speed); 337 km (total) |
Linha do Sul | Porto-Campanhã–Faro | 220 km/h (140 mph) | 2004 | approx. 110 km (high-speed); approx. 50 km (upgrading); 274 km (total) |
South Axis (section under upgrading)[69] | Faro–Évora | 220 km/h (140 mph) | 2014–2025 | 278 km |
New lines
[edit]Line name | Start and end points | Maximum speed | Opening | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lisbon–Porto high-speed rail line | Lisbon–Porto | 300 km/h (186 mph) | until 2030 | 298 km |
South Axis (new section)[69] | Évora–Spanish Border | 250 km/h (155 mph) | Planned 2024 (Évora–Elvas).[70] | 97 km |
Spain
[edit]New high-speed line (operational)
[edit]Upgraded lines
[edit]Line name | Start and end points | Maximum speed | Upgraded | Length | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Valencia–Tarragona railway | Valencia-Nord–Camp de Tarragona | 220 km/h (140 mph) | 1997 | 300 km (190 mi) | Only some sections are for high-speed trains. Some of them converted in 1997, additional dedicated in parallel is partially opened in 2018 |
Madrid-Valencia rail line | Madrid-Atocha–Valencia-Nord | 220 km/h (140 mph) | 1999 | 301 km (187 mi) | Since 2010 not in use for high-speed trains |
La Coruña-Santiago de Compostela | 250 km/h (160 mph) | 2011 | 74.5 km (46.3 mi) | ||
Alcázar de San Juan–Cádiz railway | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 2015 | 122 km (76 mi)[71] | Upgraded section to high-speed standards between Seville and Cádiz. Used by Alvia trains. | |
Albacete–La Encina | 300 km/h (190 mph) | 2011-2013 | 90 km (56 mi) | Converted to standard gauge, then upgraded from 200 km/h to 300 km/h | |
Valencia–Calafat | 220 km/h (140 mph) | 2004 | 219 km (136 mi) | ||
Mérida-Badajos (Portuguese border) | 200 km/h (120 mph) | 2004 | 60 km (37 mi) |
North America
[edit]United States
[edit]Line | Termini | Length | Type | Maximum speed | Opening | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Northeast Corridor | South station (Boston)–Washington Union | 80.3 km (49.9 mi)[av] | Upgraded | 240 km/h (150 mph) | 2000 | Operational |
Brightline | Orlando IAIT-Cocoa | 56.3 km (35.0 mi)[72] | Upgraded | 201 km/h (125 mph)[aw] | 2018 | Operational |
California HSR | San Francisco–Los Angeles | 1,249 km (776 mi)[ax] | New | 350 km/h (220 mph) | 2030–2033 | Under construction |
Brightline West | Las Vegas-Los Angeles[ay] | 351 km (218 mi) | New | 320 km/h (200 mph) | 2027-2028 | Under construction |
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ a b c Population data is based on worldometers.info, as of July 2024
- ^ Between 2011 and 2017 the speed limit has been decreased from 350 to 300 km/h (220 to 190 mph) on all tracks and lines.[9][10]
- ^ Tōhoku Shinkansen to be increased to 360 km/h in around 2027; unconventional lines under construction are expected to be faster.
- ^ 1435+1067 dual gauge in the Seikan tunnel
- ^ Eurostar (international) trains only. 330 km/h after completion of (HS2). The East Coast Main Line will be increased from 200 to 225 km/h after re-signaling.
- ^ 750V DC Third-Rail at junctions only.
- ^ Rolling stock is ready to be used on 1520 mm network abroad.
- ^ Under construction lines
- ^ 250 km/h ready (ERTMS re-signaling needed). 205 km/h is permitted when 200 km/h trains are delayed.
- ^ P.A.Th.E./P. sections supporting at least 200km/h are summed here.
- ^ Sincan–Köseköy (313km) + Polatlı–Konya (212) + Kayaş–Sivas (394km) + Konya-Karaman (102km)
- ^ Under construction lines in Turkey.
- ^ Linha do Norte (336 km) + Linha do Sul (274 km)
- ^ Additonally, the 10km extension from Elvas to the border.[25]
- ^ Tashkent–Bukhara high-speed rail line
- ^ High-speed rail in Belgium
- ^ Diabolo project
- ^ Western and New Lower Valley Inn Railway lines.
- ^ Gardermoen Line (64 km) + Vestfold Line (137.79 km) + Follo (22 km)
- ^ High-speed rail in Poland
- ^ HSL Zuid (125 km) + Hanzelijn (50 km)
- ^ Eurostar (international) trains only, local high-speed trains (V250) failed to launch (250 km/h). 200 km/h trains started operation April 2023 (ICNG trains).
- ^ High-speed rail in Switzerland
- ^ 12.5 kV 60 Hz (New Haven–New York),
12 kV 25 Hz (New York–Washington),
25 kV 60 Hz;(Boston–New Haven) - ^ Exception: 1530 in Uzbekistan.
- ^ Excluding Turkey which is counted in Asian section.
- ^ a b 25 kV 50 Hz (most common); 15 kV 16.7 Hz (second most common); 3 kV DC; 1.5 kV DC
- ^ Exception: 1520 in Russia; 1524 in Finland; 1668 in Spain and Portugal
- ^ Exception: 1668 in Spain and Portugal
- ^ 12.5 kV 60 Hz (New Haven–New York),
12 kV 25 Hz (New York–Washington),
25 kV 60 Hz;(Boston–New Haven) - ^ a b Part of the greater Beijing-Hong Kong, Macau corridor.
- ^ a b Part of the coastal corridor; consists of the Hangzhou-Fuzhou section which is already operational and is listed separately above
- ^ Tianjin-Yantai and Nantong-Suzhou sections under construction
- ^ Guangzhou-Hepu section is under construction
- ^ 812 km under construction
- ^ Including Yinchuan-Xi'an line and Hainan Eastern and Western ring railway lines.
- ^ 1,422 km is under construction; ~950 km is planned
- ^ 646 km is under construction
- ^ Porposed branch to Taipei crossing Taiwan Starit.
- ^ 690 km under planning; 409 km under construction
- ^ 2,965 km under construction
- ^ Including a branch line to Chongqinq.
- ^ Xiong'an-Xinzhou (340 km) and Chongqing-Kunming (698.98 km), totalling 1038.96 km is under construction
- ^ ~1,000 km under planning.
- ^ Max speed attained on record: 603 km/h
- ^ Demonstration since 2020.
- ^ a b Danish side
- ^ While the Northeast Corridor spans 735 kms, only 80.3 km of its section support 240 km/h speeds. Several stretches of track on the Northeast Corridor can support up to 201 km/h speeds, but those speeds are the international standard definition of high-speed rail for upgraded tracks, and also are considered higher-speed rail by FRA standards.
- ^ Though speeds up to 201 km/h are the international standard definition of high-speed rail on upgraded tracks, Brightline is more considered higher-speed rail by FRA standards.
- ^ The IOS (Initial Operating Segment) will be 171 miles, while the completed Phase 1 route will be 494 miles lomg. Currently, the completed system, which includes Phase 2 (includes Sacramento and San Diego), will be 776 miles long. Phase 2 has yet to begin construction.
- ^ The Brightline West will run to the Rancho Cucamonga station in Greater Los Angeles in Southern California, where riders can use the Metrolink San Bernardino Line to connect to Union Station.
References
[edit]- ^ "General definitions of highspeed". Paris, France: International Union of Railways (UIC). July 28, 2014. Archived from the original on July 20, 2011. Retrieved April 17, 2015.
- ^ C. S. Papacostas; Panos D. Prevedouros (2001). Transportation engineering and planning. Pearson College Division. ISBN 978-0-13-081419-7.
- ^ "High Speed lines in the world". Paris, France: International Union of Railways, UIC. July 23, 2010. Retrieved April 17, 2015.
- ^ "High speed lines in the World" (PDF). Paris, France: International Union of Railways, UIC. July 2021. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "Le réseau des lignes de chemin de fer à grande vitesse en Europe" (PDF) (in French). Communauté d'intérêts pour les transports publics, section Vaud. May 2017. Retrieved June 5, 2018 – via citrap-vaud.ch.
- ^ "China's operating high-speed railway hits 45,000 km - People's Daily Online". en.people.cn. Retrieved January 11, 2024.
- ^ "China charges full speed ahead on bullet train expansion".
- ^ "China restores bullet train speed to 350 km/h – Xinhua | English.news.cn". www.xinhuanet.com. Archived from the original on January 30, 2018. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
- ^ "China begins to restore 350 kmh bullet train – Xinhua | English.news.cn". www.xinhuanet.com. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
- ^ "China Just Relaunched the World's Fastest Train". Fortune.com/. Retrieved September 1, 2017.
- ^ "Red de Alta Velocidad - Adif - AV - Adif". www.adifaltavelocidad.es. Retrieved June 28, 2024.
- ^ "Japan: JR bullet train network length by line 2023". Statista. Retrieved June 28, 2024.
- ^ "TGV at 40: Its latest model is launching into an age of global rivalry". euronews. September 17, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2024.
- ^ "Italy agrees to resume controversial Turin-Lyon high-speed rail link". euronews. July 27, 2019. Retrieved June 28, 2024.
- ^ Lasserre, Benoît (January 7, 2017). "La vie à 320km/h: le conducteur de la première rame LGV raconte". Sud-Ouest (in French). ISSN 1760-6454. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
- ^ "High-Speed Trains in the UK". Trainline. Retrieved June 29, 2024.
- ^ "HS2 Phase One full business case". GOV.UK. Retrieved June 29, 2024.
- ^ Globalist, The (September 8, 2018). "Europe's High-Speed Rail Leaders". The Globalist. Retrieved June 28, 2024.
- ^ a b "20 Countries With Largest High Speed Rail Network". Yahoo Finance. September 6, 2023. Retrieved June 29, 2024.
- ^ "Italy: high-speed railway network length". Statista. Retrieved June 28, 2024.
- ^ "South Korea: high-speed railroad length". Statista. Retrieved June 29, 2024.
- ^ "First high speed train Sapsan arrived in St Petersburg from Moscow :: Russia-InfoCentre". www.russia-ic.com. Retrieved June 30, 2024.
- ^ "Russia begins construction of first high-speed line". International Railway Journal. March 15, 2024. Archived from the original on March 15, 2024.
- ^ Pires 2024-04-18T14:30:00, André. "Portugal: South International Corridor nears completion". Railway Gazette International. Retrieved June 30, 2024.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Linha de Évora, Troço Elvas – (Caia) Fronteira | Infraestruturas de Portugal". www.infraestruturasdeportugal.pt. Retrieved June 30, 2024.
- ^ "Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank provides $108 million loan to Uzbekistan for railway line electrification". akipress.com. Retrieved June 30, 2024.
- ^ "Makkah to Medina in 90 minutes: Saudi king launches new Haramain rail service". ArabianBusiness.com.
- ^ "計畫介紹". www.hsr.gov.tw (in Chinese). Archived from the original on December 10, 2017. Retrieved January 12, 2018.
- ^ International2023-12-19T11:00:00+00:00, Railway Gazette. "More high speed sets in ONCF rolling stock order". Railway Gazette International. Retrieved June 30, 2024.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Indonesia: 'Whoosh' train rockets beyond 1.3 million passengers". gulfnews.com. January 11, 2024. Retrieved June 30, 2024.
- ^ "Northeast Corridor Employee Timetable #5" (PDF). National Railroad Passenger Corporation (Amtrak). June 7, 2020. p. 110. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 7, 2020. Retrieved June 7, 2020 – via National Transportation Safety Board..
- ^ California High-Speed Rail Authority. "Implementation Plan" (PDF). pp. 23, 25. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 10, 2008. Retrieved July 17, 2008.
- ^ Radović, Z. (March 17, 2022). "Brza pruga Beograd - Novi Sad za građane se otvara u nedelju - koliko će vozova saobraćati i koje će biti cene karata". Euronews.rs (in Serbian). Retrieved June 30, 2024.
- ^ Vojvodine, Javna medijska ustanova JMU Radio-televizija. "Radovi na pruzi Novi Sad - Subotica, prvi brzi voz će proći krajem 2024". JMU Radio-televizija Vojvodine (in Serbian (Latin script)). Retrieved June 30, 2024.
- ^ CRNOMARKOVIĆ, A. "Nema stajanja! "Soko" će i do Niša ići 200 na sat: Kreću gradnja i obnova 1.165 kilometara pruga u Srbiji!". INFORMER (in Serbian). Retrieved June 30, 2024.
- ^ "Copenhagen-Ringsted High-Speed Line". Railway Technology. Retrieved June 30, 2024.
- ^ "Fjernbanen | Banedanmark". bane.dk. Retrieved June 30, 2024.
- ^ "Highways Department - Hong Kong Section of Guangzhou – Shenzhen – Hong Kong Express Rail Link". www.hyd.gov.hk. Retrieved June 30, 2024.
- ^ International2024-06-05T05:00:00+01:00, Railway Gazette. "Japanese high speed rail freight services expand". Railway Gazette International. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Sameday Rail". time:matters. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
- ^ "HighSpeedRail Freight in China: cargo-partner". www.cargo-partner.com. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
- ^ Barrow, Keith (June 29, 2015). "Last post for French high-speed freight as postal TGVs bow out". International Railway Journal. Retrieved July 23, 2015.
- ^ "Route alternative approved for the future construction of the Rail Baltica railway from Kaunas to the border with Poland | Rail Baltica". www.railbaltica.org. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
- ^ "Technical Parameters". www.railbaltica.org. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
- ^ "India's first high-speed project falls behind". International Railway Journal. Retrieved December 9, 2022.
- ^ Limited, Bangkok Post Public Company. "Hi-speed rail work delayed over curbs". Bangkok Post. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
- ^ "Thailand signs agreement to build Bangkok-Pattaya rail link". South China Morning Post. October 24, 2019. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
- ^ "نقش چینیها در راهاندازی قطار سریعالسیر اصفهان-تهران-مشهد چیست؟". تجارت نیوز (in Persian). July 1, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
- ^ "Iran Daily - Number Seven Thousand Five Hundred and Ninety Three - 01 July 2024". newspaper.irandaily.ir. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
- ^ Writer, Staff; Finance, Arab. "Egypt, Siemens to ink contract for 2 lines of high-speed electric rail in May". www.zawya.com. Retrieved July 1, 2024.
- ^ "Tlemcen: Le LGV se rapproche de Maghnia à petite vitesse". ITA (in French). Retrieved July 1, 2024.
- ^ News, Amal El Attaq-Morocco World. "Morocco's Al Boraq Ranks 6th Fastest Train In the World". www.moroccoworldnews.com. Retrieved July 6, 2024.
{{cite web}}
:|last=
has generic name (help) - ^ "Ånges linjebok–221 Gimonäs till Sundsvall" (PDF).
- ^ a b "Ligne a Grande Vitesse Mediterranee (LN5)" (PDF). rail21.pagesperso-orange.fr. Retrieved February 26, 2020.
- ^ limited by rolling stock maximum operating speed
- ^ a b c d e f g h "RAIL21–Le réseau SNCF". rail21.pagesperso-orange.fr. Retrieved February 26, 2020.
- ^ a b "Angebot auf der Filstalbahn soll weiterentwickelt werden" (in German). Baden–Württemberg state government. April 17, 2020. Retrieved June 20, 2020.
- ^ "Schneller nach Ulm".
- ^ "Neubaustrecke Karlsruhe–Basel (aktueller Stand)–Karl Brodowskys Blog". karl.brodowsky.com. Retrieved October 24, 2018.
- ^ "HS2: When will the line open and how much will it cost?". BBC News. February 11, 2020. Retrieved December 22, 2020.
- ^ "Delays expected: Why high-speed rail projects are failing worldwide". June 3, 2021.
- ^ (if King's Cross–Knebworth excluded)
- ^ tilting trains only
- ^ (if Carstairs–Glasgow and Euston–Willesden sections excluded)
- ^ a b c "Wykaz maksymalnych prędkości–składy wagonowe" (PDF). Plk-sa.pl. Retrieved October 24, 2018.
- ^ "Russia's New High Speed Rail Route to Cost $36Bln". October 23, 2019.
- ^ (soon)https://www.volga-tv.ru/news/novosti/2020/n-novaya-stantsiya-pod-nazvaniem-nizhniy-novgorod-strigino-otk/
- ^ "RFI awards EUR 1.6 billion contract under Brescia–Verona HSR project". Railwaypro.com. June 12, 2018. Retrieved October 24, 2018.
- ^ a b http://cip.org.pt/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Ref-96-AR_S32.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ Portugal confirma alta velocidade entre Badajoz e Lisboa em 2024 (Portugal confirms high speed between Badajoz and Lisbon in 2024), 16 March 2023.
- ^ "Fomento culmina la obra de alta velocidad entre Sevilla y Cádiz". lavozdigital.es (in Spanish). October 2015.
- ^ "South Florida gets first peek at Brightline express train". South Florida Sun-Sentinel. January 11, 2017. Retrieved February 16, 2019.