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Chance the Rapper performed a cover of the song live in June 2017 on the [[Be Encouraged Tour]], alongside covers of West's "[[Waves (Kanye West song)|Waves]]" and "[[Father Stretch My Hands]], Pt. 1".<ref>{{cite web|last1=Jacobs|first1=Harrison|title=Chance the Rapper nods to Kanye West with Waves, Ultralight Beam, Father Stretch My Hands covers|url=https://uk.businessinsider.com/chance-the-rapper-kanye-west-waves-ultralight-beam-father-stretch-my-hands-gov-ball-nyc-2017-6|website=[[Business Insider]]|date=June 5, 2017|accessdate=August 21, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023201807/http://uk.businessinsider.com/chance-the-rapper-kanye-west-waves-ultralight-beam-father-stretch-my-hands-gov-ball-nyc-2017-6|archive-date=October 23, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> American cinematographer Arthur Jafa used "Ultralight Beam" as the soundtrack for his 2017 short film ''Love Is The Message, The Message Is Death''.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scott |first1=Andrea K. |title=Arthur Jafa's Crucial Ode to Black America |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/01/23/arthur-jafas-crucial-ode-to-black-america |website=[[The New Yorker]] |accessdate=September 4, 2018 |date=January 23, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180329061412/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/01/23/arthur-jafas-crucial-ode-to-black-america |archive-date=March 29, 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> Austin Gleason uploaded a cover version of the song in May 2017 to his SoundCloud.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ultralight Beam (Kanye West Cover) by Austin Gleason|url=https://soundcloud.com/austingleason/ultralight-beam-cover-final|website=[[SoundCloud|Free Listening on SoundCloud]]|date=May 6, 2017|accessdate=November 26, 2018}}</ref> It was released for digital download as a single in November 2018.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ultralight Beam – Single by Austin Gleason|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/ultralight-beam-single/1441455944|website=[[iTunes Store]]|date=November 4, 2018|accessdate=November 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181126221419/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/ultralight-beam-single/1441455944|archive-date=November 26, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
Chance the Rapper performed a cover of the song live in June 2017 on the [[Be Encouraged Tour]], alongside covers of West's "[[Waves (Kanye West song)|Waves]]" and "[[Father Stretch My Hands]], Pt. 1".<ref>{{cite web|last1=Jacobs|first1=Harrison|title=Chance the Rapper nods to Kanye West with Waves, Ultralight Beam, Father Stretch My Hands covers|url=https://uk.businessinsider.com/chance-the-rapper-kanye-west-waves-ultralight-beam-father-stretch-my-hands-gov-ball-nyc-2017-6|website=[[Business Insider]]|date=June 5, 2017|accessdate=August 21, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023201807/http://uk.businessinsider.com/chance-the-rapper-kanye-west-waves-ultralight-beam-father-stretch-my-hands-gov-ball-nyc-2017-6|archive-date=October 23, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> American cinematographer Arthur Jafa used "Ultralight Beam" as the soundtrack for his 2017 short film ''Love Is The Message, The Message Is Death''.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scott |first1=Andrea K. |title=Arthur Jafa's Crucial Ode to Black America |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/01/23/arthur-jafas-crucial-ode-to-black-america |website=[[The New Yorker]] |accessdate=September 4, 2018 |date=January 23, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180329061412/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/01/23/arthur-jafas-crucial-ode-to-black-america |archive-date=March 29, 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> Austin Gleason uploaded a cover version of the song in May 2017 to his SoundCloud.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ultralight Beam (Kanye West Cover) by Austin Gleason|url=https://soundcloud.com/austingleason/ultralight-beam-cover-final|website=[[SoundCloud|Free Listening on SoundCloud]]|date=May 6, 2017|accessdate=November 26, 2018}}</ref> It was released for digital download as a single in November 2018.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ultralight Beam – Single by Austin Gleason|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/ultralight-beam-single/1441455944|website=[[iTunes Store]]|date=November 4, 2018|accessdate=November 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181126221419/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/ultralight-beam-single/1441455944|archive-date=November 26, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2019, New Zealand artist [[Stan Walker]] covered the song on his EP ''[[Faith Hope Love (EP)|Faith Hope Love]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://teaomaori.news/stan-walker-delights-half-million-followers|title=Stan Walker delights half-million followers |website=Teao Maori|date= 1 June 2019|accessdate=14 December 2019}}</ref>


== Credits and personnel ==
== Credits and personnel ==

Revision as of 23:17, 14 December 2019

"Ultralight Beam"
Song by Kanye West
from the album The Life of Pablo
ReleasedFebruary 14, 2016 (2016-02-14)
Recorded2015–2016
Genre
Length5:21
Label
Songwriter(s)
Producer(s)

"Ultralight Beam" is a song by American hip hop artist Kanye West, released as the opening track of his seventh studio album The Life of Pablo (2016). The song features vocals by singer The-Dream, R&B singer Kelly Price, rapper Chance the Rapper, gospel singer Kirk Franklin and a ten-piece choir, with additional vocals by Natalie Green and Samoria Green. It was first performed live, including these musicians, on Saturday Night Live in February 2016.

The song, heavily influenced by soul and gospel music, is about West's faith in God. Its recording process, as described by producer Derek Watkins, took place over multiple jam sessions, where some of West's regular collaborators, including Mike Dean, were involved. Other individuals who participated included Watkins, producer Swizz Beatz and singer Justin Bieber, whose contributions were omitted from the final recording. In an interview, Watkins describes the "ultralight beam" as "the connection that goes straight to heaven."[1] The song's opening is a clip taken from a video uploaded to the social media site Instagram of a four-year-old girl named Natalie Green talking about God.

On its release, "Ultralight Beam" received acclaim from music critics, who complimented its message and performances. Chance the Rapper was singled out consistently with praise for his performance. It charted in the United States, the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Ireland, and Canada in 2016. The song was nominated but failed to win the Grammy Award for Best Rap/Sung Performance and Best Rap Song at the 59th Annual Grammy Awards in 2017. It appeared on several year-end lists. In 2019, Pitchfork listed it among the 200 best songs of the 2010s. The song has since been performed by both West and Chance the Rapper in concert. Despite never having been released as a single, it has left a significant legacy. The song has been covered by other artists including Harry Styles, Stormzy, Austin Gleason and Local Natives.

Recording

American producer Swizz Beatz standing in a park
Producer Swizz Beatz programmed the song's drums.

According to writer and producer Derek Watkins, better known as Fonzworth Bentley, the song originated after he arrived at an L.A. studio and heard Mike Dean playing the song's chords.[1] The drums were programmed by Swizz Beatz several days later. Watkins and Plain Pat retrieved some tambourines and held an impromptu jam session with Kanye West and Chance the Rapper. The tambourines from this session are on the song's final mix.[1] The group was joined by Justin Bieber and his collaborator Poo Bear. A freestyle was initiated by West.[1] .[2] The song's melody and the lyrics "this is an ultralight beam" were sung by West and Chance the Rapper during this freestyle. According to Watkins, many of Chance's patterns and words during the freestyle ended up in his final verse.[1] The two were joined by Bieber, who sang a cappella. Bieber's participation was first revealed by Chance the Rapper, and later confirmed by Fonzworth Bentley in an interview with The Fader.[1] However, he does not appear on the final version of the song.[2]

Watkins began editing the freestyle at West's request. As he was editing, he "heard" Kelly Price and Kirk Franklin in a choir and knew they had to be on the track. Watkins told West and contacted Price and Franklin. He told Price about the concept of the "ultralight beam."[1] Price said Watkins sent her the track and told her to "write what you feel".[3] She felt the connection between the contributors was "spiritual".[3] Watkins called Franklin and had him fly to L.A. to record his verse. When he was in the studio with the choir, Franklin taught every member their parts in seven minutes.[1] After the choir had performed, Franklin and Price recorded their parts. Chance knew the lyrics to his verse. He put headphones on and penned it out.[1] According to Watkins, the song was not officially complete until The Life of Pablo's release. The song, like its parent album, was viewed as "a working document". "You don't hear the final version of it until it is available for purchase" according to Bentley.[1]

In a separate interview, producers Samo Sound Boy and DJ Dodger Stadium (DJDS) said they both contributed to songs on The Life of Pablo, including "Ultralight Beam", a month before the album's release.[4] On the final release, Same Sound Boy is credited as a writer and DJ Dodger Stadium is credited as both writer and producer.[5]

Composition and lyrics

"Ultralight Beam"
A 22-second sample of West's vocals on "Ultralight Beam".
Problems playing this file? See media help.

"Ultralight Beam" is a hip hop song with elements of soul and gospel music.[1][6][7] The song has one official sample credit, a video uploaded to the social media site Instagram by user @sheisnatalie of a four-year-old girl named Natalie Green talking about God.[8] In the video she says, "We don't want no devils in the house, God!", followed by: "We want the Lord, and that's it!" The clip is used as the song's intro.[9] The girl's adoptive parents sued West on February 8, 2019, claiming in court documents that although the sample was cleared by her biological mother, she was not authorized to give permission for its use.[10]

After the Instagram sample, West sings his verse, with assistance from singer The-Dream. Kelly Price provides the third verse and Chance the Rapper sings the fourth verse. The song ends with West, the choir, and gospel singer Kirk Franklin.[1] In his verse West talks about his relationship with and his faith in God.[11] In her verse, Price asks her own questions about God, but ultimately knows when her faith is tested she can look towards "the light" and everything will be alright.[11] In his verse, the longest on the song, Chance the Rapper speaks about his relationship with God, his daughter, and his life growing up in Chicago.[11] He also comments on Spike Lee's film Chi-Raq (2015), a film whose premise he has openly spoken out against.[11][12] Explaining the lyrics: "You can feel the lyrics, the spirit coming in braille/Tubman of the underground, come and follow the trail," Chance the Rapper wrote: "The Tubman line refers to my own leadership of all other artists towards independence and freedom."[13]

The artists who performed on the track have spoken about the song's meaning. In an interview with The Fader, Derek Watkins describes the "ultralight beam" as "the connection that goes straight to heaven."[1] Watkins continued, "This is the thing that people say is intangible, that people try to wrap their heads around. A lot of different people articulate it in different ways, but it just made sense in the way that Kanye said it."[1] Chance the Rapper has said that "'Ultralight Beam' is about Kanye's faith in God. Whenever he's down or feels he can't fight any more, he searches for the light and knows, in God's hands, everything will be alright."[14]

Release and promotion

"Ultralight Beam" was released on February 14, 2016, as the first track on West's seventh studio album The Life of Pablo.[5][15] The day before, West performed the song on Saturday Night Live with Chance the Rapper, Kirk Franklin, The-Dream, Kelly Price and a gospel choir.[16] This received positive reviews from critics, with many commenting on Chance the Rapper's verse. Matt Wilstein of The Daily Beast said Chance "ended up stealing the show with his fire verse."[17] Jon Caramanica of The New York Times described the performance as "stirring" and "of uncommon intensity and vision."[18] Price, in particular, has praised the performance because of her "spiritual connection" to the song.[3] Two days before the album's release, a handwritten track list had been tweeted by West. It showed the song was called "Ultra Light Beams" rather than "Ultralight Beam" as it was titled on the official release.[19] Chance the Rapper revealed the song was originally slated to be the closing track to The Life of Pablo rather than the album's opener.[13]

On Easter 2016, West shared the SoundCloud link to an alternative version of the song, titled "Ultralight Prayer", via Twitter and wished everyone a happy Easter in his tweet.[20] Chance is not present on the two-minute long alternate gospel version sung by Franklin.[20] When West traveled to Iceland with The Kardashians in April 2016, it had been rumored he was either filming a music video for "Ultralight Beam" or another album track, "Highlights". His wife Kim Kardashian and her sister Khloé Kardashian confirmed West filmed a video for "Highlights".[21] Kim released Ultra Light Beam Highlighters for KKW Beauty in November 2017, as an "unexpected tribute" to her husband's song of the same name.[22] This marked the first time West was part of KKW Beauty. It was not the first connection between his music and Kim's brand. She featured prominently on some of the merchandise for West's Saint Pablo Tour.[22] The name choice was praised by fans across Twitter.[22]

Critical reception

Chance the Rapper performing live in 2017
Chance the Rapper has received widespread acclaim for his performance on the song, with his verse described by one critic as a "clear highlight."[23]

The song has received acclaim from music critics, with Chance the Rapper's verse and vocals being singled out for praise.[24][25] David Jeffries of AllMusic called the song a "masterpiece."[15] Jeffries felt "[it] represents the angelic side, offering a complicated emotional ride with the Gospel of Kirk Franklin fueling the song's jaw-dropping climax."[15] Slate's Forrest Wickman described the track as signaling "listeners that [The Life of Pablo] will be the anti-Yeezus."[23] Kelly Price, who provides the third verse, has particularly praised the song, calling it "a street parable".[3] Price continued, "I can listen to it and hear messages of hurt, shame, anger, and fear, and then I can turn around and see hope, faith, redemption, compassion, rejuvenation, forgiveness, and getting up from a fall."[1]

Many critics have commented upon Chance the Rapper's verse and performance on the track. Wickman called him "a clear highlight".[23] Brian Josephs of Spin wrote that, "Chance's performance on "Ultralight Beam" was arguably his strongest" performance of 2016, on top of his own critically acclaimed mixtape Coloring Book.[25] Complex called Chance's verse one of the best rap verses of 2016 describing it as "dexterous and forceful" noting it is "more than a star turn, it's the kind of performance legacies are built on."[24] Ryan Dombal of Pitchfork also praised Chance's verse, writing, "In one virtuosic verse, Chance raps his redemption, how he was saved by God, by Kanye, by his baby daughter. He's giddy, young. 'Ugh, I'm just having fun with it,' he glows as a swell of brass joins his exaltation. Then those same horns dissipate, leaving Kanye alone with his cavernous choir once again."[6]

Accolades

The song has appeared on the year-end lists of multiple publications. Pitchfork listed "Ultralight Beam" as the best song of 2016 on their ranking of the year's 100 best songs, writing: "[The song] is an exalted space, a promise of redemption and healing that felt more fragile and unlikely as the year wore on. It is a song of Godlike perspective from a man who spent most of the year appearing to have none."[26] Similarly, Rolling Stone listed the song as the fifth best song of 2016 on their list of the year's 50 best songs, writing "[the song's collaborators] help [West] plant a foot on the devil's neck."[27] Conversely, Complex ranked the song 31 on their list of the year's 50 best songs, describing it as "audio weed, Xanax on wax, and a Bible verse rolled into one."[28] In 2019, Pitchfork listed "Ultralight Beam" among the 200 best songs of the 2010s decade, ranking it number 77. It praising West's use of guest appearances, its "uplifting" message, as well as the music itself.[29]

The song received Grammy nominations for Best Rap/Sung Performance and Best Rap Song at the 59th Annual Grammy Awards in 2017 losing both to "Hotline Bling" by Canadian rapper and singer Drake.[30] However, the lack of a nomination for Song of the Year at the ceremony was called a snub by several publications.[31][32][33] Kyle Hodge of VH1 viewed "Ultralight Beam" as the most deserving track from The Life of Pablo to earn a nomination for the award and described Chance the Rapper's verse on it as one of the album's "incredible musical and pop culture moments that can't be overlooked."[33] In an interview with The Associated Press, The-Dream spoke of the song being snubbed, saying: "Usually in those Grammy categories, the song with more feeling actually wins. ... When I listen to this record, whether I'm in it or not, I would still feel something listening to it."[34]

Year-end lists
Publication Accolade Rank Ref.
Billboard The 100 Best Pop Songs of 2016
5
[35]
Consequence of Sound The 50 Songs of 2016
2
[36]
Entertainment Weekly The 100 Best Songs of 2016
4
[37]
The Fader The 115 Best Songs of 2016
3
[38]
Highsnobiety The 25 Best Songs of 2016
10
[39]
HipHopDX The 50 Best Songs of 2016
1
[40]
HotNewHipHop The Hottest 50 Songs of 2016
2
[41]
The New York Times (Nate Chinen's List) 56 of the Best Songs of 2016
1
[42]
NME The Songs of the Year 2016
7
[43]
NPR Top 100 Songs of 2016
3
[44]
Paste The 50 Best Songs of 2016
10
[45]
Pitchfork The 100 Best Songs of 2016
1
[46]
Pitchfork Readers' Poll: Top 50 Songs of 2018
1
[47]
Rolling Stone The 50 Best Songs of 2016
5
[48]
Spin The 101 Best Songs of 2016
7
[49]
The Village Voice The Pazz & Jop music critics poll 2016
2
[50]
Yahoo! The Best Songs of 2016
6
[51]

Live performances

West performed "Ultralight Beam" with Chance the Rapper, Kirk Franklin, The-Dream, Kelly Price and a gospel choir live on Saturday Night Live along with The Life of Pablo track "Highlights" the day before the album's release.[16] Immediately after the performance, West made the announcement that The Life of Pablo had been released telling viewers: "Kanye West dot com right now, Tidal streaming right now."[52] "Ultralight Beam" was on the setlist West shared for the kickoff show on his Saint Pablo Tour in Indianapolis on August 25, 2016, but he did not perform the song there as planned.[53] On September 5, 2016, West performed the track as a closer for the tour's Madison Square Garden show. GQ's Jake Wolf felt, "It served less as musical entertainment and more as a collective exhalation for everyone making their way towards the exit."[54][55] G-Eazy and Carnage moshed with a fan to the song when West performed it live on October 29, 2016, in Las Vegas on the Saint Pablo Tour.[56] It is often included Sunday Service's setlist. Chance the Rapper performed his verse at Coachella and Chicago's Huntington Bank Pavilion.[57]

Commercial performance

"Ultralight Beam" charted in a number of countries and performed similarly to the album track "Waves" commercially. The song peaked at number 63 on the UK Singles Chart, making it the highest charting non-single from The Life of Pablo in the United Kingdom; it remained on the chart for two weeks.[58][59] The song peaked at number 67 on the US Billboard Hot 100—the highest charting non-single from the album in the United States—and spent two weeks on the chart before dropping off it.[60][61] On the US Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, "Ultralight Beam" debuted at number 22 in the same week as it debuted on the Billboard Hot 100.[62] In its second week on the chart, the song fell 11 places to number 33.[63] It fell a further eight places to number 41 in its third and final week on the chart.[64][62] In Canada, the song debuted at number 88 on the Canada Singles Top 100 chart, where it remained for one week before dropping off the chart.[65] Along with "Waves" and "FML", it became one of only three non-single releases from the album to chart in Canada.[66] The song charted in Ireland, debuting at number 78 on the Ireland Singles Top 100 chart where it remained for two weeks. This made it the highest charting non-single release from The Life of Pablo in the country. Like "Waves" it was the second non-single release from the album to chart in Ireland.[67] The following week, the song dropped to number 82 and then off the chart.[68][67]

In March 2018, the song was certified Platinum in the United States.[69] It stands with "Waves" as the only non-single releases from The Life of Pablo to achieve this certification in the US.[70] The track was certified Silver in the UK on March 15, 2019.[71]

Legacy

Post-release, the song's legacy has grown, even though West never released it as a single. On March 10, 2016, West tweeted out: "A lot of people tell me 'Ultralight Beam' is my greatest artwork to date only rival being 'Jesus Walks'."[72] West's wife Kim listed the track among her 28 favorite songs by her husband in August 2016.[73] When Premier Gospel looked into The Life of Pablo possibly being the gospel album of 2016. The site's Jamie Cutteridge voiced the belief that if the album's "Ultralight Beam", "Jesus Walks" or "Low Lights" had been released by anyone other than West, "we'd be hailing them as the new hero of gospel music."[74] According to Lawrence Ware of The Root, "Ultralight Beam" has become "the official song of Christians who love Jesus but curse a little."[75] He believes this because of the track's callback to old gospel traditions. He also cites the lyric "This is a God dream", and Kirk Franklin's appearance as enhancing the song's gospel roots.[75] Ware felt: "[The song] took me and many other black millennials into the presence of God like few songs can. It is self-assured yet humble, genre-bending while respecting and participating in black folk traditions. If that doesn’t describe the current generation of black folks, then I don’t know what does."[75] In June 2018, Complex looked back on "Ultralight Beam" as a track that "sounded exactly like what [West] promised" when he made the claim that The Life of Pablo would be a gospel album.[76] On the track "Kids See Ghosts" by the group Kids See Ghosts, which consists of Kanye West and Kid Cudi, West drops a reference to the song with the line: "Ultralight building in the building by amateur."[77]

Lawsuit

In early 2019, West was sued by Natalie Green's legal guardians over the sample he used to open the track.[78] The child's parents, Andrew and Shirley Green, claimed that West sought approval from Green's biological mother, Alice Johnson, and not them.[78][79][80] According to the Green family, Johnson was not authorized to clear the sample, as they adopted her in December 2012, nor did she receive written license or payment for the use of Natalie's voice on the song.[78][81][82] The parents are seeking profits made from "Ultralight Beam" and "additional damages."[78][81]

Cover versions and usage in media

American indie rock band Local Natives covered the song in late 2016 as part of Spotify's "Singles" program.[83][84] The band announced the cover on Twitter, saying they "need the prayer of peace & serenity now more than ever."[85][86] In early 2017, English hip hop artist Stormzy covered the song during an appearance on BBC Radio 1's Live Lounge,[87] and subsequently performed the cover during his headlining set at the 2019 Glastonbury Festival.[88] In May 2017, Harry Styles covered the song during a surprise concert in London, in celebration of the release of his self-titled debut album.[89] Daniel Kreps of Rolling Stone said Styles stripped the song of its gospel elements, instead giving it a "moody Purple Rain makeover" that made his rendition stand out on its own.[90]

Chance the Rapper performed a cover of the song live in June 2017 on the Be Encouraged Tour, alongside covers of West's "Waves" and "Father Stretch My Hands, Pt. 1".[91] American cinematographer Arthur Jafa used "Ultralight Beam" as the soundtrack for his 2017 short film Love Is The Message, The Message Is Death.[92] Austin Gleason uploaded a cover version of the song in May 2017 to his SoundCloud.[93] It was released for digital download as a single in November 2018.[94]

In 2019, New Zealand artist Stan Walker covered the song on his EP Faith Hope Love.[95]

Credits and personnel

Credits adapted from West's official website.[5]

Charts

Chart (2016) Peak
position
Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[96] 88
Ireland (IRMA)[97] 78
New Zealand Heatseekers (RMNZ)[98] 10
UK Singles (OCC)[99] 63
UK Hip Hop/R&B (OCC)[100] 15
US Billboard Hot 100[101] 67
US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard)[102] 22

Certifications

Region Certification Certified units/sales
United Kingdom (BPI)[103] Silver 200,000‡
United States (RIAA)[104] Platinum 1,000,000‡

‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Notes

  1. ^ a b Credited as co-producer
  2. ^ a b c Credited as additional producer

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Tanzer, Miles (February 26, 2016). "The True Story Of Kanye West's "Ultralight Beam," As Told By Fonzworth Bentley". The Fader. Archived from the original on February 2, 2018. Retrieved October 30, 2017.
  2. ^ a b "Chance the Rapper Reveals Justin Bieber Recorded 'Ultralight Beam'". Rap-Up. November 23, 2016. Archived from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved March 24, 2017.
  3. ^ a b c d Starling, Lakin. "Kelly Price Talks Kanye West's The Life Of Pablo: It's "A Street Parable"". The Fader. Archived from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved October 30, 2017.
  4. ^ Golden, Zara. "DJDS On The Challenge Of Making Kanye Better". The Fader. Archived from the original on May 18, 2017. Retrieved October 30, 2017.
  5. ^ a b c davidbaker.tv, builtbylane.com ×. "The Life of Pablo". The Life of Pablo – Kanye West. Archived from the original on February 17, 2016. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
  6. ^ a b Dombal, Ryan (February 12, 2016). ""Ultralight Beam" [ft. Chance the Rapper, The-Dream, Kelly Price, and Kirk Franklin] by Kanye West review". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on February 14, 2018. Retrieved February 21, 2018.
  7. ^ Ragland, Kennisa (February 22, 2016). "Review: Kanye West's "Ultralight Beam" Is Gospel". Odyssey. Archived from the original on February 21, 2018. Retrieved February 21, 2018.
  8. ^ Reiff, Corbin (February 15, 2016). "Here's Every Sample on Kanye West's New Album, 'The Life of Pablo'". Complex. Archived from the original on February 20, 2018. Retrieved March 24, 2017.
  9. ^ Weinstein, Max. "Meet the 4-Year-Old Girl Kanye West Samples on "Ultralight Beam"". XXL. Archived from the original on September 2, 2017. Retrieved March 24, 2017.
  10. ^ Yoo, Noah (February 8, 2019). "Kanye West Sued by Family of Girl From 'Ultralight Beam' Prayer: Report". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on February 9, 2019. Retrieved February 9, 2019.
  11. ^ a b c d Lewis, Philip. ""Ultralight Beam" Lyrics Highlight Spiritual Meaning Behind Kanye West's 'TLOP'". Mic Network Inc. Archived from the original on February 20, 2018. Retrieved October 31, 2017.
  12. ^ "Chance the Rapper on Twitter: "Let me be the one from Chicago to personally tell you we not supporting this film out here"". Twitter. December 4, 2015. Archived from the original on February 20, 2018. Retrieved February 20, 2018.[non-primary source needed]
  13. ^ a b "Chance The Rapper Annotated His Verse on Kanye West's "Ultralight Beam"". Pigeons & Planes. February 15, 2016. Archived from the original on June 23, 2016. Retrieved September 20, 2019.
  14. ^ "Get the actual low-down on the meaning behind 'Ultralight Beam' from Chance the Rapper". Acclaim. Archived from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved March 24, 2017.
  15. ^ a b c Jeffries, David. "The Life of Pablo – Kanye West". AllMusic. Archived from the original on November 7, 2017. Retrieved November 7, 2017.
  16. ^ a b Strauss, Matthew (February 14, 2016). "Kanye West 'Saturday Night Live' Performance Features Chance the Rapper, Young Thug, The-Dream, Kelly Price, Kirk Franklin, and More". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on June 28, 2017. Retrieved May 15, 2017.
  17. ^ Wilstein, Matt (February 14, 2017). "Watch Kanye West's Brilliant SNL Performance of 'Ultra Light Beams'". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on June 6, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
  18. ^ Caramanica, Jon (February 14, 2017). "Review: Kanye West's 'The Life of Pablo,' Songs of Praise and Self". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 25, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
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