List of destroyed landmarks in Spain: Difference between revisions

This list of missing landmarks in Spain includes remarkable buildings, castles, royal palaces, medieval towers, medieval walls and other remarkable built structures that no longer exist in Spain, also including in this article those that partially are still standing.

Existed hundred destroyed landmarks that were all over Spain, although still standing much wonders, many of these monuments could well be world heritage sites or be a proofs of the history of its cities in today. For a more complete list see the Category:Destroyed landmarks in Spain.

List (by alphabetical order)

Image	Name	Location	Architectural style/era	Date of construction	Date of demolition / rebuilt	Status	Notes
File:Recreation of Archbishop's Palace of Alcalá before the 1939 fire.jpg	Archbishop's Palace of Alcalá de Henares	Alcalá de Henares, Community of Madrid	Mudéjar, Herrerian	1209	1939, during the Spanish Civil War	Partially survived	It is the place where was performed the first meeting between the Catholic Monarchs and Christopher Columbus. It was barracks of tanks and ammunitions, both during and after the Spanish Civil War, when, for the failure to prevent flammable materials that were there there was a big fire. It was not the first suffered in its long history, but one of the most voracious, because it destroyed much of the buildings, however some survived
File:Old Spa Gran Hotel La Toja in 1907.jpg	Balneario da Toxa	Island of A Toxa, Galicia	Galician Regionalist of the time	1907	1945, during the Francoist period	Almost complete refurbishment	Suffered a restoration, a almost complete refurbishment, although survives various sections or elements inside the modern building
	Avinguda de la Llum	Barcelona, Catalonia	Modern	1940	1992, during the modern government and autonomies	Partially survived	It was the first underground mall of its kind to open in Europe. It was partially demolished for the 1992 Summer Olympics. Now survives sections in a underground stage of a Sephora store
	Casa Trinxet	Barcelona, Catalonia	Modernisme	1904	1968, during the Francoist period	Demolished	It was demolished despite attempts by artists and intellectuals to save it for conversion into a museum of Modernisme
	Castle of Burgos	Burgos, Castile and León	Visigothic, Moorish, Christian		1813, during the Napoleonic French invasion	Ruins survived	It was a castle and alcázar, being inhabited by some Castilian kings. During the Napoleonic invasion the French soldiers transformated significanttly the castle, and then Frenchs without any apparent justification exploded the castle, more than two hundred French soldiers died in the blast, and a church also destroyed, that shakes the entire population
	Church of San Pedro Mártir	Calatayud, Aragon	Mudéjar	1368	1856, during the Spanish confiscation period	demolished	After of its confiscation and its use as barracks, was demolished on the pretext that blocked traffic on the road proceedings of Madrid
	Buen Retiro Palace	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Herrerian	1640	1808, during the Napoleonic French invasion	Partially survived	It was for periods Royal residence. During the Napoleonic invasion the French troops stationed in Madrid used the palace and its annexes as barracks. Powder kegs were stored in the gardens and a bunker was built for them, causing irreparable damage, although survives the Hall of the Kingdoms; the Casón del Buen Retiro being now an annex of the Museo del Prado; and the gardens that forms the Retiro Park
	Buen Retiro Porcelain Factory	Madrid, Community of Madrid		1760	1812, by the English during the Napoleonic invasion period	Many porcelains manufactured by the factory survived	The porcelain's quality of this factory was internationally recognized, and its manufacturing techniques were kept a state secret. There were other factories in the Madrid area producing luxuries such as tapestries, glass etc. The factory’s range of products produced between 1770 and 1775 included sculptures, porcelain plaques, dinner services, and artificial flower bouquets. Two revetments of porcelain comprising the existing Gabinetes de la Porcelana made by factory’s artists were installed at Aranjuez and at Madrid. During the Peninsular War, orders came from Wellington to burn the factory and it ceased production. It has been suggested that its destruction was prompted by considerations of commercial rivalry on the part of the British
	Casa del Tesoro	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Christian	16th century	19th century, during the Napoleonic French invasion	Demolished	It was demolished by Joseph Bonaparte (brother of Napoleon) and today in its place is the Plaza de Oriente
	Church of San Salvador	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Romanesque, Herrerian	12th century	1868, during the Spanish confiscation period	Demolished	It was one of the ten churches that are cited in the Fuero of Madrid of 1202. Was remarkable the height of its tower that was known as Atalaya de la Villa. Among its missions it was alert in case of emergencies such as fires and disasters, and warn of the celebration of different municipal acts. Its tower tower excelled in its front two separate municipal coats of arms, which reported that direct link with the Council. In this temple it took place the meetings of the Council of Madrid until the construction of the Casa de la Villa in the 17th century. The call for municipal meetings was done through the bell tower, which also had the task of marking the curfew (at nine in winter and an hour later in summer), when the situation required it. The other highlight element of its tower was its clock, the oldest that was in the city
File:Santacruziglesiahis.jpg	Church of Santa Cruz	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Romanesque	13th century	1868, during the Spanish confiscation period	Demolished	It was one of the ten churches that are cited in the Fuero of Madrid of 1202. Its tower was one of the tallest towers in the Madrid of the Habsburgs with 144 feet (about 40 meters) and was known this tower as Atalaya de la Corte. In its tower have installed a clock and its bell served to summon the council, because in the church of Santa Cruz it occasionally met the Chamber of Mayors to celebrate their festivals
	Churches of the Buen Suceso	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Baroque	1611, 1868	1854, 1975, during the ensanches/eixamples in the Spanish confiscation period and during the Francoist period	Demolished	The first church was also an hospital built by Juan de Herrera and ordered to built by Philip II of Spain. Due to the reform of the Puerta del Sol was demolished. Of this building remained a columns that were brought to the Casa de Bruguera, The Clock it wore the façade is the Clock of the Puerta del Sol; The second church it were given new tasks, such as the public and free consultation and cure and the relief in accidents on public roads, while assuming additional functions such as the special hospital for diseases of children and sick Home of Health for sick pensioners. In 1942, this second church it removed the hospital services, which become covered by the Directorate General of Health of the Army of the Air. It was demolished that then maybe threatens ruin
	Convent of Copacabana	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Baroque	1620	1837, during the Spanish confiscation period	Demolished	It housed the image of the patron saint of Peru brought in 1662. In 1837 the monks were expelled and the convent disentailed during the Ecclesiastical confiscations of Mendizábal. It was the own Mendizábal who bought it at auction. Shortly after was shot down
	Convent of San Felipe el Real	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Baroque	1547	1838, during the Spanish confiscation period	Demolished	It was a convent of Augustinian monks built by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, also it had a steps around the building which served as talking shop. It suffered a fire in 1718 and the whole complex was very mistreated during Napoleonic invasion. After the confiscation of Mendizábal, was demolished in 1838 to widen the Calle Mayor and, instead, was built the first apartment building in the city, the Casa Cordero
	Convent of San Norberto	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Baroque	1611	1811, during the Napoleonic French invasion	Demolished	It was victim of the king Joseph Bonaparte (brother of Napoleon) who it modified and and then he demolished it
	Convent of San Norberto	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Baroque	1656	1872, during the Spanish confiscation period	Demolished	It was a Dominican convent made by the Churriguera family supported by the Count-Duke of Olivares. Also it had, in 19th century, a café shop established on the ground floor of the convent. Church and convent were secularized and confiscated in 1836, going to have many uses, from administrative center to headquarters Milicia Nacional. The complex entirely disappeared three years after suffering a strong fire
	Gate of Atocha	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Neoclassical	1769	1850, during the Spanish confiscation period	Demolished	It was the one that had the Walls of Philip IV, was built by Ventura Rodríguez, on a program to improve several of the gates of Madrid, which also were built or improved the existing gates Puerta de Alcalá and Puerta de Bilbao, the latter two by Sabatini
	Gothic-Mudéjar church of Humanejos	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Gothic, Mudéjar	14th century	19th century, 1980, during the Spanish confiscation period and the modern government and autonomies	Demolished	It is also possible that it was built on a previous also Christian temple. The church became a meeting point for the many travelers passing. This accelerated its deterioration, although it is conceivable that was the subject of intense looting. Was finally completely demolished in the 1980s for rose the today Autovía A-42
	Fiesta Alegre fronton	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Baroque Revival	1892	1965, during the Francoist period	Demolished	Fistly it was a Basque pelota court, and later was a Basketball court hosting the Real Madrid Baloncesto
	Hotel Florida	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Ecleptic	1924	1964, during the Francoist period	Demolished	It was a marble hotel. Figures as Ernest Hemingway, Mijaíl Koltsov, John Dos Passos, Geoffrey Cox, Henry Buckley, Ksawery Pruszyński, Wiadomosci Literackie, O. D. Gallagher and Herbert L. Matthew stayed at it during the Spanish Civil War where wrote important plays and articles
	Noviciado de la Compañía de Jesús	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Baroque	1606	1964, during the Spanish confiscation period	Partially survived	The Jesuits were finally expelled of this church by the confiscations of Mendizábal. After being used as a barracks for military engineers, in 1843 the building became house the Complutense University. But was reformed, now survives the perimeter walls, used for building the auditorium of the university. Of the rest of the complex are preserved the spaces of the two ancient cloisters, converted into courtyards, around which the various offices and classrooms are distributed
	Palace of the Marquis of Alcañices	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Herrerian	17th century	1883, during the during the ensanches/eixamples in the Spanish confiscation period	Demolished	It was ordered to built by Luis Méndez de Haro 6th Marquis del Carpio, a favorite of Philip IV. Subsequently was inhabited by the Dukes of Béjar, Pedro de Alcántara Téllez-Girón y Beaufort Spontin and Maria Josefa Pimentel, also by the 15th Marquess of Alcañices when began to be used with its gardens with parterres by the nobility as a rest area. Also was inhabited by the 16th Marquess of Alcañices who marriage to Russian Princess Sofia Sergeyevna Trubetskaya, in this time the palace became the center of the Alfonsine meetings. Had as visitors Isidro González Velázquez, Guesdon, Parcerisa, Clifford, Laurent, etc. In 1854 it built new stables at the palace. The cost of supporting the monarchy, from the Duke of Sesto, and the works of extension of the nearby streets forced the Duke of Sesto to sell the Palace in 1882 to the board of the Bank of Spain who it demolished
	Palace of Indo	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Neo-Renaissance	1866	1904, during the Spanish confiscation period	Gardens partially survived	Inside the luxurious palace was decorated by numerous works of art that had accumulated Indo and his descendants; in the early 20th century, both the mansion and its contents went up for auction, when the Duke of Montellano bought the building in 1901, but not take long to tear it down. The palace had a beautiful landscaped garden. There are very few remains of the old garden, then bounded by a fence, currently open; of the original trees survived three magnolias apparently -at until some time ago were four-, some thick trunk pagoda trees and shrubs
	Palace of La Moncloa before the Spanish Civil War	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Neoclassical	1781	1940s, during the Spanish Civil War and during the Francoist period	Demolished	In the first third of the 17th century the Marquis of the Carpio and of Eliche ordered to raise a mansion known for its frescoes that adorned the outside walls. After passing through several owners, La Moncloa was bought in 1781 by the Duchess of Arcos who undertook a major reform of the palace, following the Neoclassical trends of the moment. In 1784 the palace passed to her daughter the popular Duchess of Alba portrayed by Goya. During the reign of Isabel II in 1846, the entire property was transferred to the Spanish State. At first it was under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Development, until was taken the decision to create a museum, which was inaugurated in 1929. The Spanish Civil War meant the destruction of the property. Being in ruinous state it was demolished during the government of Franco
	Palace of Xifré	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Moorish Revival	1862	1950, during the Francoist period	Elements survived	The Palace, a small imitation of the Alhambra in Granada, was built by Catalan businessman Jose Xifré Downing which was heir to one of the largest fortunes in the 19th century, he met the architect José Contreras who was then the restorer of the Alhambra. José Contreras, was a pioneer of Neo-al-Andalusian architecture and before starting the construction of the Palace, he received a scholarship for six months by Xifré to study the incorporation of the decorations of the Alhambra in his future Palace. From the outer gate, through the facades and all inside, imitated in an very good way the golden age of the al-Aldalusian architecture. His son Josep Xifré Hamel sold the palace in 1914. After several change of owners, in 1949, the palace was purchased by a real estate that dropped it a year later. Part of the remains of the palace are preserved today as: The facade that was acquired to incorporate it into a hotel in Losa de Riofrío, in Castile and León. The beautiful staircase went to Chiloeches, in Castilla-La Mancha. The Embassy of France acquired the hardwood floors. The Marquises of Deleitosa bought eaves, decorations for install them on their farm in Salamanca. The central courtyard, with its marble columns, was acquired for mounting on a farm Soto Huerta owned in the old highway of Barajas. The Directorate General of Architecture bought a number of windows to be deposited at the School of Architecture, but were literally plundered to exception of the bulky parts
File:Palacio del duque de arión.jpg	Palace of the Duke of Arión	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Neo-Renaissance	19th century	1960s, during the Francoist period	Demolished	Was also known as the Palace of José Campo or Palace of the Marquises of la Puente and Sotomayor
	Palace of the Duke of Úceda in Plaza de Colón	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Neo-Baroque	1864	1964, during the Francoist period	Demolished	This palace had two floors and superior body with slate roofing with elegant mansards. It was the palace first property of the Duke of Úceda, to be acquired in 1876 by the Marquis of Salamanca, without ever reaching never live in it, and later, around 1890 it was purchased by the widow Duchess of Medinaceli, plus Duchess of Denia y Tarifa. It suffered a fire on November 25, 1917, unleashed at dawn and mainly affected the façade overlooking the Plaza de Colón. Lost countless works of art that decorated its interior. It was rebuilt and remained in place until 1964, when its demolition was decided to work for speculative criteria in a plan to modernize the plaza
	Palaces of the Marquis of Casa Riera	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Neo-Renaissance	e. 19th century, 1894	1893, 1916, both during the Spanish confiscation period	Demolished	The first palace was built as a dowry for the Duchess of Abrantes, for that was designated with the name of "the house of the pins". In the new building lived the Marquis of Ariza, the Russian ambassador, Prince Tatischef, and the famous provisionist of the French army and great financial Gabriel-Julien Ouvrard in 1823 and 1824, at which time were held in its halls magnificent soirees and banquets, until it acquired the Marquis of Riera, who invested large sums in its decoration. The extension of the house and gardens was considerable, besides providing at facing, on the calle del Turco, of another large housing for garages and offices, with which it communicated by an underground tunnel. It was demolished and in its place was raised other palace called same as its predecessor, was the second palace, ordered to built by the self nephew of the Marquis of Riera, Alejandro Riera Mora. It wa built in stone, brick and slate in the attic area. And like the previous one, had a garden
File:Interior palacio del marques de portugalete.jpg	Palace of the Marquis of Portugalete	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Neo-Renaissance	1860s	1945, during the Francoist period	Demolished	Its owner was the Marquis of Portugalete and Duke of Bailén. This palace had ballroom (upholstered of flowers), a chapel for religious events, billiard room, a hall of portraits, bathrooms decorated in Pompeian style by the painter Oreste Mancini, gallery museum, music hall and a large number of dependencies. The decor all of it made of Carrara marble, tapestries and painting of Francisco Goya, Vicente López, Palmaroli, Eduardo Rosales, Murillo, Pradilla, Madrazo, Gisbert, Casado del Alisal, etc., sculptors being the most renowned Benlliure, ebony and ivory furnitures, colorful chandeliers and windows. The palace was built in the center of the plot, having an inner courtyard with garden, the outside was enclosed by a fence. At the death without descendants of the 3rd Duke of Bailén, the palace and its contents were inherited the widow of the carnal niece. She did especially through her celebrated parties and meetings. For many years the palace was a meeting place for the wealthy and political classes of the time as Cánovas del Castillo. In its halls national politics was so commonplace
	Royal Alcázar of Madrid	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Moorish, Herrerian	9th century	Christmas Eve 1734, a fire started in the chamber of the French artist Jean Ranc, during the kingdom of the first Bourbon	Part of the painting collection of its interior survived	First it was a Muslim fortress, later was royal home of Castilian and Spanish kings. The first extension to the building was commissioned by King Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and its exterior was constructed by the architect Juan Gómez de Mora in 1636, commissioned by King Philip IV of Spain. Famous both for its artistic richness and its irregular architecture, was the residence of the Spanish Royal Family and the seat of the Court including the Castilian Crown until that this alcazar was burned by the Frech artist Jean Ranc. On Christmas Eve of 1734, the Court moved to the Palace of El Pardo, it is declared a terrible fire in the Royal Alcázar of Madrid. The fire, which may have originated in a chamber of the painter of the court the French Jean Ranc, spread rapidly, without being able to be controlled in any moment. it spread over four days and was of such intensity that some objects silver were melted by the heat and the remains of metal (along with precious stones) had to be collected in buckets. The recovery of many paintings of the Alcázar was left on the back burner, given the difficulties involved in its size and location at various heights and multiple rooms. Some of these paintings were embedded in the walls. Hence a number of paintings that were kept in the building at the time ("The expulsion of the Moors" of Velázquez) is lost, and others (like Las Meninas) unpins frames were saved and thrown through the windows. However, part of the pictorial collections had been previously transferred to the Palace del Buen Retiro, to preserve the renovations that were taking place inside the Royal Alcázar, which saved them from probable destruction. Extinguished the fire, the building was reduced to rubble. The walls that remained standing had to be demolished, given its state of disrepair. Four years after his disappearance, in 1738, Philip V ordered the construction of the current Royal Palace of Madrid, whose works spread over three decades. Some historians says the French House of Bourbon did not like this alcazar because it was austere, it was in complete opposition with the French taste which had imbued his life, so this fire could be premeditated, although there would be no negative if built another palace, but there was that competition of sumptuosity between dynasties
	Former Royal Armoury of Madrid	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Christian	1565	1884, during the Spanish confiscation period	Much of its armoury collection survived	This building was ordered to built by Philip II of Spain. It was structured around a rectangular hall of 63 meters long by 10 meters wide, and consists of ground floor and main floor. Crowning the building a ledge of stone on which stood the roof truss and slate roof, and stepped gables at both front ends. Downstairs, destined to stables, it had three naves, while the upper floor, where it settled the Armory, was completely clear. The interior of the hall was completed in 1565. It was whitewashed and a large portion decorated with azulejos from Talavera de la Reina pottery by Juan Florez. The most characteristic element of its structure was the called "Arc of the Armoury" that connected the Alcázar with the outside, the arc was built during the reign of Charles II of Habsburg. A fire destroyed partially the Armory built by Philip II. No expense spared Alfonso XII ordered the construction of a new building which is its current headquarters
	Tower of la Parada	Madrid, Community of Madrid	Christian	1549	1714, by a fire caused by Austrian troops during the War of the Spanish Succession	Ruins survived	This building was decorated by leading painters, including Rubens and Velázquez, who contributed some of his "jester" portraits, including The Jester Don John of Austria, The Jester Don Diego de Acedo, Portrait of Francisco Lezcano and Portrait of Pablo de Valladolid. His Aesop and Menippus are also thought to have been intended for the lodge, as well as several of his well-known portraits of the royal family relaxed in hunting or riding clothes, including Prince Balthasar Charles as a Hunter. Rubens was commissioned in 1636 to produce sixty mythological paintings, which he managed to do in about 18 months, assisted by Jacob Jordaens, Cornelis de Vos, Pieter Snayers, Thomas Willeboirts Bosschaert, Theodoor van Thulden, Jan Boeckhorst and others, working to his designs. Forty of the paintings survive, as well as many of Rubens' oil sketches and drawings. Most of all these works are in the Museo del Prado
File:Antiguo Edificio Castromil. (derruido a finales de los 70).jpg	Edificio Castromil	Santiago de Compostela, Galicia	Galician Regionalist of the time	1926	1975, during the Francoist period	Demolished	Firstly it was built in order to destine it to café-bar and restaurant. in the early 1970s, the City Hall wanted to build an underground car parking, thinking in revitalize the city of Santiago. To carry out it decided to overturn the Castromil landmark building. The pike began the collapse of the singular building amid strong controversy unleashed in all citizens areas
	Castle Alcázar of Segorbe	Segorbe, Valencian Community	Moorish, Christian	¿?	1714, during the kingdom of the first Bourbon	Ruins survived	This enormous complex that for over a thousand years was the residence of the most important lords, dukes and kings. Between its sections were the Tower of the Angel, its Cisterns, the Royal Chambers, the Cabinet of white marble, Galleries and the Chapel dedicated to Our Lady of la Leche. Among the lords of Segorbe stands Doña Maria de Luna, wife of King Martin, and therefore Queen of Aragon, with that the Segorban Alcázar became a royal residence, or the infante Enric de Aragón y Pimentel, better known as "Infante Fortuna" first to use the title of Duke of Segorbe, who made important works at the castle giving it many quarters, a chapel with rich ornaments (to it belonged the "Our Lady of la Leche" currently in the cathedral museum), columns of marble, transforming it into building "... very beautiful with many pieces and beautiful and well-styled rooms..." as reminds Martín de Viciana. Bishop Lorenzo Gómez de Haedo decides the construction of a new hospital and House of Mercy, and think of the Alcázar for the extraction of materials with which to carry out the work. Finally it reach the total destruction of the set. After downing only it remained standing a few remains of the walls closing the enclosure on the southern slopes of the rise, while the above constructions were completely destroyed. The Bishop Aguilar seems finally aware of the huge irreparable loss this enclave, although it is late. In fact for years that it was not used as a stately home and a strategic summit it did not use since the beginning of the century. In any case, its facilities, at least some, had to remain in good conditions, as annually was the setting for the votive festivals celebrated by the Cathedral for Our Lady of La Leche. This Virgin was the owner of the Chapel of the Alcázar from the 16th century and its image remained in the Castle until the demolition

See also

• Spanish confiscation
• List of demolished landmarks in Madrid
• List of demolished landmarks in Valencia
• List of demolished landmarks in Seville
• Reconstruction (architecture)
• Project of Filippo Juvarra for the Royal Palace of Madrid

External links

• Youtube video with missing Eclectic monuments or modified in the town of Vigo, demolished during 1960s-1970s