Estela de Carlotto: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
KasparBot (talk | contribs)
1,549,811 edits
translating
Line 18: Line 18:
| website =
| website =
}}
}}
'''Enriqueta Estela Barnes de Carlotto''' ([[Buenos Aires]], born October 22, 1930) is an Argentine [[human rights]] activist and president of the association of [[Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo]]. One of her daughters, [[Laura Estela Carlotto]] was [[Forced disappearance#Argentina|kidnapped and missing]] in Buenos Aires, pregnant, in late 1977. By stories she could rebuild that her daughter had come to give birth and that her grandson was appropriated and its identity changed. She searched for him almost 36 years.<Ref name = nacdos> {{web cite |url=http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1715975-estela-de-carlotto-recupero-a-su-nieto-guido-tras-35-anos-de-busqueda | Title = Estela de Carlotto recovered her grandson Guido after 35 years of searching | publisher = ''[[La Nación|La Nación (newspaper)]]'' | date = 5 August 2014}}</ref> On August 5, 2014, after a [[DNA]] check voluntarily made by the person concerned, her grandson was identified, and became the 114th in the list of recovered grandchildren.<ref name=minuto>{{web cite |urlhttp://www.minutouno.com/notas/332120-ignacio-hurban-el-nieto-recuperado-numero-114-el-nieto-estela-carlotto | title = Ignacio Hurban, 114th recovered grandson, the grandson of Estela de Carlotto | date = August 6, 2014 | publisher = ''MinutoUno.com''}}</ref><ref>{{web cite | title = Estela: "He search at me and I did not want to die without embrace him"|url=http://www.infojusnoticias.gov.ar/nacionales/encontraron-al-nieto-de-estela-de-carlotto-5106.html|date=5 August 2014 | publisher =''Infojus Noticias'' [[Ministry of Justice and Human Rights (Argentina)|Ministry of Justice and Human Rights]]}}</ref><ref> {{cite web | title = Estela de Carlotto found her grandson, Guido, after 36 years of searching|url=http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1715975-estela-de-carlotto-recupero-a-su-nieto-guido|date=5 August 2014 | publisher = ''[[La Nación|La Nación (newspaper)]]''}}</ref>
'''Enriqueta Estela Barnes de Carlotto''' (born October 22, 1930) is an [[Argentina|Argentine]] [[human rights]] activist and leader of the [[Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo]].


Carlotto has received several awards for her work with Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo (Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo), including the [[United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights]] and [[Félix Houphouët-Boigny Peace Prize]], awarded by the [[Unesco]].
==Life and times==
===Early life and family tragedy===
Enriqueta Estela Barnes was born in [[Buenos Aires]] in 1930, into a family of [[English Argentine|English origin]].<ref name=LN>{{cite news |title=A solas con Carlotto |url=http://www.lanacion.com.ar/860717-a-solas-con-carlotto |last=Shapira |first=Valeria |date=26 November 2006 |publisher=''LNR'' (Sunday supplement of ''[[La Nación]]'') |language= Spanish |quote=Un enorme crucifijo cuida el sueño de Estela sobre la cama matrimonial. Su marido, Guido, falleció hace 5 años. Era diabético y tenía Parkinson. (...) El apellido Barnes es inglés. Nunca me explicaron bien si siempre fue Barnes, o si con las invasiones inglesas vinieron los Warnes y transformaron la W en B. Porque a los ingleses, ¿quién los quería? Mi mamá tenía directamente sangre inglesa de padre y de madre. Ella era de apellido materno D'Alkaine y el papá, Wauer. Le decíamos May. }}</ref> Her family relocated to [[La Plata]] in 1940, and by 1950, she had become a [[primary school]] teacher. She taught in [[Brandsen]], and later in La Plata, where she eventually became a [[school principal]]. She married Guido Carlotto, a paint store owner, and they had four children.<ref name=monitor>[http://www.me.gov.ar/monitor/nro6/entrevista.htm ''El Monitor'' (Ministerio de Educación): La larga lucha contra el silencio] {{es icon}}</ref>


== Biography ==
The [[Dirty War]] being waged by the [[National Reorganization Process|military dictatorship]] against both violent and non-violent dissidents first struck her family in September 1976, when her son-in-law's sister, María Claudia Falcone, was abducted during the notorious ''[[Night of the Pencils]]'' assault against left-wing La Plata high schoolers. Her daughter, Laura Estela Carlotto, was a History student at the [[University of La Plata]], and belonged to the Peronist University Youth movement (JUP), as did her siblings, Claudia, and Miguel Guido. The JUP was tied to the [[Montoneros]] [[guerrilla]] organization, and its members were targeted by both the [[Argentine Anticommunist Alliance]], and the dictatorship that took power in the [[March 1976 coup]]. Fearing for her safety, Laura Carlotto left the home she shared with her partner, Carlos, on August 1, 1977. Guido Carlotto was then kidnapped on August 5, and was released on August 25 only after payment of 40 million [[Peso ley|pesos]] (US$ 90,000), and after being severely tortured.<ref name=libros>[http://www.ayeshalibros.com.ar/anteriores/reportajes/reportajesestelacarlotto.htm Margulis, Alejandro: Estela de Carlotto, presidenta de Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo] {{es icon}}</ref>
Enriqueta Estela Barnes was born on October 22, 1930, in Buenos Aires, within a family of [[English people|English]] descent. She married Guido Carlotto, an small industrial, with whom she had four children. She was elementary school teacher and a housewife without no public action.<ref>{{web cite| title = Alone with Carlotto | url = http://www.lanacion.com.ar/860717-a-solas-con-carlotto | author = Valeria Shapira | date = 26 November 2006 | publisher = ''LNR'' (Sunday supplement of ''[La Nación|La Nación newspaper]]'')}}</ref>
Their daughter Laura was in turn abducted on November 16, 1977, with her partner, Carlos. She was three months pregnant at the time, and was taken to "La Cacha," a secret detention center in La Plata. The Carlottos were friends of Marta Bignone, whose brother, General [[Reynaldo Bignone]], directed the [[Campo de Mayo]] training base (he would be selected President of Argentina by the dictatorship in 1982). Bignone refused to cooperate with the grieving family, however.<ref name=libros/>


In the 1970s, when ruled the country the civil-military dictatorship self-appointed [[National Reorganization Process]] (1976-1983), three of her children were involved in politics: Laura Estela, a student of History of [[National University of La Plata]], militated in the [[Peronism]], Claudia belonged to the [[Peronist Universitary Youth]] and Guido Miguel integrated the student center of his high school.<ref>{{web cite | author = Ana María Mariani | title = The identity is a right | url = http://archivo.lavoz.com.ar/2003/0126/suplementos/temas/nota143738_1.htm | date = January 26, 2003 | publisher = ''[[La Voz del Interior]]''}}</ref> on August 5, 1977, the [[Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic|armed forces]] kidnapped and tortured her husband, who was freed after payment of 40 million pesos (equivalent to 30&nbsp;000 dollars at that time).<ref name=Entrevista>{{Cite web | title = Interview with Estela Carlotto | author = Ayes Libros | publisher = ''Ayes Libros''|url=http://www.ayeshalibros.com.ar/anteriores/reportajes/reportajesestelacarlotto.htm|accessdate= January 10, 2008}}</ref>
Laura Carlotto gave birth at the military hospital in Buenos Aires on June 26, 1978; her captors absconded with the baby, whose legal name would be Guido Carlotto. Subordinates of General [[Guillermo Suárez Mason]] (who as head of the [[Argentine Army]] First Section oversaw La Cacha) turned over her corpse August 25 to the Carlottos with her face and abdominal area mutilated. One of only a small number of [[Desaparecidos|missing dead]] returned to their families, she was buried on August 27 in La Plata.<ref name=monitor/>
[[File:Kirchner con Abuelas y nietos recuperados.jpg|thumb|300px|Carlotto and other recovered [[Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo|grandmothers]] and grandchildren gathered in 2011 with President [[Cristina Fernández de Kirchner|Cristina Kirchner]] in the house of [[Miguel Ángel Estrella]] in Paris]]

In late November 1977, Laura, three months pregnant, was kidnapped and taken to [[clandestine detention center (Argentina)|clandestine detention center]] [[La Cacha]] in [[La Plata]],<ref name="lacacha"> {{web cite | author = | url = http://www.desaparecidos.org/arg/centros/cacha/ | title = La Cacha | publisher = www.desaparecidos.org | date = | accessdate = 28 October 2014}}</ref> until the end of August 1978. Shortly before the childbirth, was taken to an unspecified location -there disputes on which place-, which gave birth on June 26 1978. Some testimonies collected before realized that that place could have been the [[Hospital Militar Central Cirujano Mayor Dr. Cosme Argerich|Military Hospital in Buenos Aires]].<ref> {{web cite | author = Victoria Ginzberg | title = Missing pregnant in the Regiment in Palermo | url = http://www.pagina12.com.ar/2000/00-09/00-09-21/pag10.htm | date = September 21, 2000 | publisher = ''[[Página/12]]''}}</ref><ref>Gilbert; Vitagliano, p. 226</ref> But from the restoration of the true identity of her child, there are strong suspicions that the baby could have been born in the vicinity of La Cacha or in a hospital in the province of Buenos Aires.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20151122075834/http://www.infojusnoticias.gov.ar/nacionales/se-afianza-la-hipotesis-de-que-el-bebe-de-laura-carlotto-nacio-en-la-cacha-5222.html|title=It strengthens the hypothesis that the baby of Laura Carlotto was born in La Cacha | publisher = Infojus Noticias | date = August 14, 2014}}</ref>

Carlotto made arrangements for the freedom of her daughter, and came to meet with the general [[Reynaldo Bignone]], who told her that Laura would not stay alive.<ref>Lebon; Maier, p. 135</ref>
In April 1978, a companion of captivity of her daughter, who had been freed, informed her that Laura was still alive and pregnant.<ref name=Entrevista/>


===Activism===
===Activism===

Revision as of 02:39, 11 May 2016

Template:Argentine name

Estela Barnes de Carlotto
Mrs. Carlotto at the inauguration of the Mothers and Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo Garden, in Paris.
Born (1930-10-22) October 22, 1930 (age 93)
Buenos Aires
OccupationPresident of the Association of Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo
SpouseGuido Carlotto (d. 2001)

Enriqueta Estela Barnes de Carlotto (Buenos Aires, born October 22, 1930) is an Argentine human rights activist and president of the association of Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo. One of her daughters, Laura Estela Carlotto was kidnapped and missing in Buenos Aires, pregnant, in late 1977. By stories she could rebuild that her daughter had come to give birth and that her grandson was appropriated and its identity changed. She searched for him almost 36 years.[1] On August 5, 2014, after a DNA check voluntarily made by the person concerned, her grandson was identified, and became the 114th in the list of recovered grandchildren.[2][3][4]

Carlotto has received several awards for her work with Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo (Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo), including the United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights and Félix Houphouët-Boigny Peace Prize, awarded by the Unesco.

Biography

Enriqueta Estela Barnes was born on October 22, 1930, in Buenos Aires, within a family of English descent. She married Guido Carlotto, an small industrial, with whom she had four children. She was elementary school teacher and a housewife without no public action.[5]

In the 1970s, when ruled the country the civil-military dictatorship self-appointed National Reorganization Process (1976-1983), three of her children were involved in politics: Laura Estela, a student of History of National University of La Plata, militated in the Peronism, Claudia belonged to the Peronist Universitary Youth and Guido Miguel integrated the student center of his high school.[6] on August 5, 1977, the armed forces kidnapped and tortured her husband, who was freed after payment of 40 million pesos (equivalent to 30 000 dollars at that time).[7]

Carlotto and other recovered grandmothers and grandchildren gathered in 2011 with President Cristina Kirchner in the house of Miguel Ángel Estrella in Paris

In late November 1977, Laura, three months pregnant, was kidnapped and taken to clandestine detention center La Cacha in La Plata,[8] until the end of August 1978. Shortly before the childbirth, was taken to an unspecified location -there disputes on which place-, which gave birth on June 26 1978. Some testimonies collected before realized that that place could have been the Military Hospital in Buenos Aires.[9][10] But from the restoration of the true identity of her child, there are strong suspicions that the baby could have been born in the vicinity of La Cacha or in a hospital in the province of Buenos Aires.[11]

Carlotto made arrangements for the freedom of her daughter, and came to meet with the general Reynaldo Bignone, who told her that Laura would not stay alive.[12] In April 1978, a companion of captivity of her daughter, who had been freed, informed her that Laura was still alive and pregnant.[7]

Activism

Mrs. Carlotto and President Néstor Kirchner confer at the Casa Rosada in 2006.
Estela Carlotto is joined by three fellow Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo (right), by President Cristina Kirchner (middle), and by some over 110 kidnapped grandchildren her society recovered.
Estela with her grandson, Ignacio (Guido Montoya Carlotto) Hurban.

Retired from her post as principal since August 30, 1978, Mrs. Carlotto became a member of the Abuelas Argentinas con Nietitos Desaparecidos (Argentine Grandmothers with Missing Grandchildren) by April 1979. She then began to seek and demand the release of her grandson and other children kidnapped or disappeared by military forces during the military dictatorship. The group, founded by Alicia de la Cuadra and 11 other grandmothers in a similar situation in 1977, was renamed the Association of Grandmothers of Plaza de Mayo in 1980. Mrs. Carlotto became its Vice President, and in 1989 its President.[13]

Her search for information led her to São Paulo, Brazil, in 1980, where women whose children and/or grandchildren had met similar fates had organized CLAMOR, a group dedicated to raising public awareness of ongoing abuses. While in São Paulo, she was told by a La Cacha prison survivor of a woman known as "Rita" whose father owned a paint store, had had a baby boy, and was released with "Carlos" on August 24, 1978. The anecdote led Mrs. Carlotto to believe that her daughter had been killed upon her release.[14]

An estimated 500 children were either kidnapped or seized at birth from women in detention during the Dirty War. The vast majority were given or sold to adoptive parents, including numerous perpetrators and accomplices in the murder of their biological parents.[13][15] The Grandmothers of Plaza de Mayo located the first missing grandchild in 1984. They secured the establishment of the National Genetic Data Bank for Relatives of Disappeared Children in 1987,[15] and the National Commission for the Right of Identity, an office tasked with facilitating answers to those who doubt the nature of their adoptions, in 1992.[16] Mrs. Carlotto announced the discovery of the 100th grandchild on December 21, 2009.[17]

Guido Carlotto, her husband, died in La Plata on October 21, 2001.[18] Estela Barnes de Carlotto earned the United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights in 2003. She was on hand with President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner to inaugurate the Jardin des Mères et Grand-mères de la Place de Mai in Paris, in 2008.[19] Filmmaker Nicolás Gil Lavedra began production on a biographical film, Estela, in 2011, starring Susú Pecoraro as the renowned activist.[20]

Mrs. Carlotto announced on August 5, 2014, that her long-lost grandson had been discovered after he voluntarily came forward for a DNA test.[21] Her grandson, named Ignacio Hurban, leads a jazz orchestra and directs the Rossi Brothers School of Music in Olavarría; he thus became the 114th grandchild to have his true identity discovered by the Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo.[22] Shortly after his public appearance, Hurban changed his name to Ignacio Guido Montoya Carlotto.

References

  1. ^ . La Nación (newspaper). 5 August 2014 http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1715975-estela-de-carlotto-recupero-a-su-nieto-guido-tras-35-anos-de-busqueda. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help); Unknown parameter |Title= ignored (|title= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ "Ignacio Hurban, 114th recovered grandson, the grandson of Estela de Carlotto". MinutoUno.com. August 6, 2014. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help); Text "urlhttp://www.minutouno.com/notas/332120-ignacio-hurban-el-nieto-recuperado-numero-114-el-nieto-estela-carlotto" ignored (help)
  3. ^ "Estela: "He search at me and I did not want to die without embrace him"". Infojus Noticias Ministry of Justice and Human Rights. 5 August 2014. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  4. ^ "Estela de Carlotto found her grandson, Guido, after 36 years of searching". La Nación (newspaper). 5 August 2014. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  5. ^ Valeria Shapira (26 November 2006). "Alone with Carlotto". LNR (Sunday supplement of [La Nación. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help); Text "La Nación newspaper]])" ignored (help)
  6. ^ Ana María Mariani (January 26, 2003). "The identity is a right". La Voz del Interior. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  7. ^ a b Ayes Libros. "Interview with Estela Carlotto". Ayes Libros. Retrieved January 10, 2008. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  8. ^ "La Cacha". www.desaparecidos.org. Retrieved 28 October 2014.
  9. ^ Victoria Ginzberg (September 21, 2000). "Missing pregnant in the Regiment in Palermo". Página/12. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  10. ^ Gilbert; Vitagliano, p. 226
  11. ^ "It strengthens the hypothesis that the baby of Laura Carlotto was born in La Cacha". Infojus Noticias. August 14, 2014.
  12. ^ Lebon; Maier, p. 135
  13. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference monitor was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  14. ^ Cite error: The named reference libros was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  15. ^ a b Arditti, Rita, and Lykes, M. Brinton. Restitución de niños: La labor de las Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo Eudeba, 1989.
  16. ^ Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo: History
  17. ^ "Con el nombre del padre confirmado". Página/12. 22 Dec 2009.
  18. ^ "Avisos Fúnebres". El Día. 24 Oct 2001.
  19. ^ "París cuenta con un Jardín Madres y Abuelas Plaza de Mayo". Radio Rebelde. 14 Apr 2008.
  20. ^ "Abrazar a Susú es como abrazar a una hija querida". Página/12. 6 Feb 2011.
  21. ^ "Grandmothers' president recovers grandson taken away under dictatorship". Buenos Aires Herald. 5 Aug 2014.
  22. ^ "Quién es Ignacio Hurban, el nieto recuperado de Estela". InfoNews (in Spanish). 5 Aug 2014.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Estela_de_Carlotto&oldid=719671922"