Fire in ancient Iranian culture: Difference between revisions
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| ⚫ | Fire is one of the elements that has been praised and venerated by the ancient Iranians . Fire is in the [[Avesta]] as [[Atar|Atash or Atar]], in Pahlavi literature ATOUR or ATAKHSH or fire, or in Persian literature has come as Azar or ATHASH. The guardian angel Fire is known ATOURYAST in Pahlavi literature, and in Persian literature called [[Azarizad]]. Due to the importance of the position that the Angel has been called the son of [[Ahura Mazda]].{{clarification needed|reason=This sentence is ungrammatical, and who is "the Angel"?}} In the ritual of ancient Iran, to appease the fire angel, fragrant woods or sandalwood are constantly applied in fire temples and fires in homes. In the religion of [[Zoroastrianism]], fire is sign of purity and truth, and [[Ardibehesht]] is its guardian. In ancient Iran, the origin of fire from two stones{{clarification needed|reason=What does this mean, fire-making using flints?}} is attributed [[Hushang]] Pishdadi's period that survivor of them was [[Sadeh|Sadeh celebration]] that still make it popular.{{clarification needed|reason=This sentence makes no sense.}} |
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| ⚫ | Fire is one of the elements that has been praised and venerated by the ancient Iranians . Fire is in the [[Avesta]] as [[Atar|Atash or Atar]], in Pahlavi literature ATOUR or ATAKHSH or fire, or in Persian literature has come as Azar or ATHASH. The guardian angel Fire is known ATOURYAST in Pahlavi literature, and in Persian literature called [[Azarizad]]. Due to the importance of the position that the Angel has been called the son of [[Ahura Mazda]]. In the ritual of ancient Iran to appease the fire angel |
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== Early history == |
== Early history == |
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Fire commemoration and worship has a long history among the [[Indo-Iranians]], perhaps going back to [[Proto-Indo-European religion]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |first=M. |last=Boyce |year=2011 |orig-year=1987 |title=ĀTAŠ |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopedia Iranica]] |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/atas-fire}}</ref> The Indo-Iranians believed that fire was the essence of life and existence, and it is thought that there was a relationship between |
Fire commemoration and worship has a long history among the [[Indo-Iranians]], perhaps going back to the [[Proto-Indo-European religion]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |first=M. |last=Boyce |year=2011 |orig-year=1987 |title=ĀTAŠ |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopedia Iranica]] |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/atas-fire}}</ref> The Indo-Iranians believed that fire was the essence of life and existence, and it is thought that there was a relationship between fire and the plant.{{which?|reason=Any particular plant, or plants in general?}} It also assumed that there is a relationship and proximity between the fire and souls of ancestors, and for this reason, it is thought that the [[fire-worship]] and [[ancestor worship]] have been relationship with each other since ancient periods. As it is written, the magnitude of a family was buried in courtyard of the family fire temple when died, and was kindled on his grave sacred fire, and it believed that as the fire that took the life preserver of the family, after the death of the spirits of the dead are supported. This tradition remains among Iranians in later periods to ignite [[candles]] or turn on the light on the graves of the dead, and yet this is a common event. |
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== Report of Greek historians == |
== Report of Greek historians == |
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[[Ancient Greeks]] historians refer to the [[Persian people|Persians]]' attention to the gods of the [[sun]], [[moon]], [[earth]], [[water]], fire. E.g., [[Strabo]]:{{subst:fact now]} |
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{{quote|text=In different ways, the victims was dedicated to fire and water by ancient Iranians , In particular , dried woods without bark were placed on the fire , then selected pieces of meat were placed on them ,and then the fire was kindled forever. Penalty of fire disrespect was death.}} |
{{quote|text=In different ways, the victims was dedicated to fire and water by ancient Iranians , In particular , dried woods without bark were placed on the fire , then selected pieces of meat were placed on them ,and then the fire was kindled forever. Penalty of fire disrespect was death.}} |
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Another historian, |
Another historian, Kurtus, writes that Iranians are sworn in front of the sacred fire, and such oaths is very important.<ref>Mythology and Iranian culture، P 405 and 406</ref>{{full citation needed|date=July 2015}} |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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Revision as of 13:09, 30 January 2016
Fire is one of the elements that has been praised and venerated by the ancient Iranians . Fire is in the Avesta as Atash or Atar, in Pahlavi literature ATOUR or ATAKHSH or fire, or in Persian literature has come as Azar or ATHASH. The guardian angel Fire is known ATOURYAST in Pahlavi literature, and in Persian literature called Azarizad. Due to the importance of the position that the Angel has been called the son of Ahura Mazda.[clarification needed] In the ritual of ancient Iran, to appease the fire angel, fragrant woods or sandalwood are constantly applied in fire temples and fires in homes. In the religion of Zoroastrianism, fire is sign of purity and truth, and Ardibehesht is its guardian. In ancient Iran, the origin of fire from two stones[clarification needed] is attributed Hushang Pishdadi's period that survivor of them was Sadeh celebration that still make it popular.[clarification needed]
Early history
Fire commemoration and worship has a long history among the Indo-Iranians, perhaps going back to the Proto-Indo-European religion.[1] The Indo-Iranians believed that fire was the essence of life and existence, and it is thought that there was a relationship between fire and the plant.[which?] It also assumed that there is a relationship and proximity between the fire and souls of ancestors, and for this reason, it is thought that the fire-worship and ancestor worship have been relationship with each other since ancient periods. As it is written, the magnitude of a family was buried in courtyard of the family fire temple when died, and was kindled on his grave sacred fire, and it believed that as the fire that took the life preserver of the family, after the death of the spirits of the dead are supported. This tradition remains among Iranians in later periods to ignite candles or turn on the light on the graves of the dead, and yet this is a common event.
Report of Greek historians
Ancient Greeks historians refer to the Persians' attention to the gods of the sun, moon, earth, water, fire. E.g., Strabo:{{subst:fact now]}
In different ways, the victims was dedicated to fire and water by ancient Iranians , In particular , dried woods without bark were placed on the fire , then selected pieces of meat were placed on them ,and then the fire was kindled forever. Penalty of fire disrespect was death.
Another historian, Kurtus, writes that Iranians are sworn in front of the sacred fire, and such oaths is very important.[2][full citation needed]
See also
- Agni: Indo-Aryan god of fire
- Fire Celebrations
- Ancient persia
References
- ^ Boyce, M. (2011) [1987]. "ĀTAŠ". Encyclopedia Iranica.
- ^ Mythology and Iranian culture، P 405 and 406