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'''The Nova Scotia Highlanders''' (also known as North Novies, North Novas) is a [[Primary Reserve|reserve]] [[infantry]] [[regiment]] of the [[Canadian Army]]. It is part of [[36 Canadian Brigade Group]], [[5th Canadian Division]].
The Nova Scotia Highlanders (also known as North Novies, North Novas) is a [[Primary Reserve|reserve]] [[infantry]] [[regiment]] of the [[Canadian Army]]. It is part of [[36 Canadian Brigade Group]], [[5th Canadian Division]].


== Creation ==
== Creation ==
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== Headdress ==
== Headdress ==

Although the 2nd Battalion continued the proud tradition of wearing [[balmoral bonnet|balmorals]], the traditional headdress of the regiment, the 1st Battalion did not. There was a strong movement within the unit by the majority of the troops to replace the beret with the balmoral once again as it marked out the highland unit as distinctive and showed the ties with the unit's heritage that contributed to its ''ésprit de corps''. As of January 1, 2011, the balmoral once again became the official headdress of the 1st Battalion as well.
Although the 2nd Battalion continued the proud tradition of wearing [[balmoral bonnet|balmorals]], the traditional headdress of the regiment, the 1st Battalion did not. There was a strong movement within the unit by the majority of the troops to replace the beret with the balmoral once again as it marked out the highland unit as distinctive and showed the ties with the unit's heritage that contributed to its ''ésprit de corps''. As of January 1, 2011, the balmoral once again became the official headdress of the 1st Battalion as well.


==Lineage==
==Lineage==
===The Nova Scotia Highlanders===
The Nova Scotia Highlanders originated in Truro, Nova Scotia on 6 April 1871, when the '''Colchester and Hants Provisional Battalion of Infantry''' was authorized. It was subsequently redesignated the '''78th Colchester and Hants, or Highlanders Battalion of Infantry''' on 1 September 1871; the '''78th "Colchester, Hants and Pictou" Battalion of Infantry or "Highlanders"''' on 5 September 1879; the '''78th Colchester, Hants and Pictou Regiment "Highlanders"''' on 8 May 1900; the '''78th Pictou Regiment "Highlanders"''' on 1 March 1910; '''The Pictou Regiment''' on 29 March 1920; '''The Pictou Highlanders''' on 2 July 1920; the '''2nd (Reserve) Battalion, The Pictou Highlanders''' on 7 November 1940 and '''The Pictou Highlanders (Motor)''' on 1 April 1946. On 12 November 1954, it was amalgamated with '''The North Nova Scotia Highlanders''' and the '''189th Light Anti-Aircraft Battery, RCA''' and redesignated the '''1st Battalion' of 'The Nova Scotia Highlanders.''' On 9 December 2010 the '''2nd Battalion, The Nova Scotia Highlanders (Cape Breton)''' was organized as a separate regiment and redesignated '''The Cape Breton Highlanders''', leaving the 1st Battalion as the single unit within The Nova Scotia Highlanders.
*Originated in Truro, Nova Scotia, 6 April 1871 as the Colchester and Hants Provisional Battalion of Infantry
*Redesignated as the 78th Colchester and Hants, or Highlanders Battalion of Infantry, 1 September 1871
*Redesignated as the 78th "Colchester, Hants and Pictou" Battalion of Infantry or "Highlanders," 5 September 1879
*Redesignated as the 78th Colchester, Hants and Pictou Regiment "Highlanders," 8 May 1900
*Redesignated as the 78th Pictou Regiment "Highlanders," 1 March 1910
*Redesignated as The Pictou Regiment, 29 March 1920
*Redesignated as The Pictou Highlanders, 2 July 1920
*Redesignated as the 2nd (Reserve) Battalion, The Pictou Highlanders, 7 November 1940
*Redesignated as The Pictou Highlanders (Motor), 1 April 1946
*Amalgamated on 12 November 1954 with The North Nova Scotia Highlanders and the 189th Light Anti-Aircraft Battery, RCA and redesignated the 1st Battalion of The Nova Scotia Highlanders
*On 9 December 2010 the 2nd Battalion, The Nova Scotia Highlanders (Cape Breton) was reorganized as a separate regiment and redesignated as The Cape Breton Highlanders<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>


===The North Nova Scotia Highlanders===
The North Nova Scotia Highlanders originated in Amherst, Nova Scotia on 6 April 1871 when the '''Cumberland Provisional Battalion of Infantry''' was authorized. It was redesignated as the '''93rd Cumberland Battalion of Infantry''' on 12 June 1885; the '''93rd Cumberland Regiment''' on 8 May 1900; the '''The Cumberland Regiment''' on 29 March 1920 and '''The Cumberland Highlanders''' on 15 June 1927. On 1 December 1936, it was amalgamated with '''The Colchester and Hants Regiment''' (less 'C Company') and 'C Company' of the '''6th Machine Gun Battalion, CMGC''' (now '''The Princess Louise Fusiliers''') and redesignated as '''The North Nova Scotia Highlanders (Machine Gun)'''. It was redesignated the '''2nd (Reserve) Battalion, The North Nova Scotia Highlanders (Machine Gun)''' on 7 November 1940; the '''2nd (Reserve) Battalion, The North Nova Scotia Highlanders''' on 7 March 1941 and '''The North Nova Scotia Highlanders''' on 1 May 1946. On 12 November 1954, it was amalgamated with '''The Pictou Highlanders (Motor)''' and the '''189th Light Anti-Aircraft Battery, RCA'''.
*Originated in Amherst, Nova Scotia, 6 April 1871 as the Cumberland Provisional Battalion of Infantry
*Redesignated as the 93rd Cumberland Battalion of Infantry, 12 June 1885
*Redesignated as the 93rd Cumberland Regiment, on 8 May 1900
*Redesignated as The Cumberland Regiment, 29 March 1920
*Redesignated as The Cumberland Highlanders, 15 June 1927
*Amalgamated on 1 December 1936 with The Colchester and Hants Regiment (less 'C Company') and C Company of the 6th Machine Gun Battalion, CMGC (now The Princess Louise Fusiliers) and redesignated as The North Nova Scotia Highlanders (Machine Gun)
*Redesignated as the 2nd (Reserve) Battalion, The North Nova Scotia Highlanders (Machine Gun), 7 November 1940
*Redesignated as the 2nd (Reserve) Battalion, The North Nova Scotia Highlanders, 7 March 1941
*Redesignated as The North Nova Scotia Highlanders, 1 May 1946.
*Amalgamated on 12 November 1954 with The Pictou Highlanders (Motor) and the 189th Light Anti-Aircraft Battery, RCA<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>


===The Colchester and Hants Regiment===
The Colchester and Hants Regiment originated in Truro, Nova Scotia on 1 April 1910, when the '70th Colchester and Hants Regiment' was authorized to be formed.21 It was redesignated the '76th Colchester and Hants Rifles' on 2 May 1910.22 On 15 May 1920, it was amalgamated with the '81st "Hants" Regiment' (see below) and redesignated 'The Colchester and Hants Regiment'.23 On 1 December 1936, it was amalgamated, less "C" Company, with 'The Cumberland Highlanders' and 'C Company' of the '6th Machine Gun Battalion, CMGC', as above.
*Originated in Truro, Nova Scotia, 1 April 1910 as the 70th Colchester and Hants Regiment
*Redesignated as the 76th Colchester and Hants Rifles, 2 May 1910
*Amalgamated on 15 May 1920 with the 81st "Hants" Regiment and redesignated as 'The Colchester and Hants Regiment
*Amalgamated on 1 December 1936, less "C" Company, with The Cumberland Highlanders and C Company of the 6th Machine Gun Battalion, CMGC<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>


===The 81st "Hants" Regiment===
The 81st "Hants" Regiment originated in Windsor, Nova Scotia on 16 February 1914 when an "8 company Regiment of Infantry in Hants County" was authorized. It was redesignated the '''68th Regiment''' on 1 May 1914 and as the '''81st "Hants" Regiment''' on 1 June 1914. On 15 May 1920, it was amalgamated with the '''76th Colchester and Hants Rifles'''.
*Originated in Windsor, Nova Scotia, 16 February 1914 as an "8 company Regiment of Infantry in Hants County"
*Redesignated as the 68th Regiment, 1 May 1914
*Redesignated as the 81st "Hants" Regiment, 1 June 1914
*Amalgamated on 15 May 1920 with the '''76th Colchester and Hants Rifles<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>


===189th Light Anti-Aircraft Battery, RCA===
The '''189th Light Anti-Aircraft Battery, RCA''' originated in Stellarton, Nova Scotia on 1 April 1946. On 12 November 1954, it was amalgamated with The Pictou Highlanders (Motor) and The North Nova Scotia Highlanders.
*Originated in Stellarton, Nova Scotia, 1 April 1946
*Amalgamated on 12 November 1954 with The Pictou Highlanders (Motor) and The North Nova Scotia Highlanders<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>


==Perpetuations==
==Perpetuations==
===War of 1812===
In 2012 the Nova Scotia Highlanders were designated to perpetuate the following War of 1812 units:
* 1st Battalion, County of Sydney Regiment
*1st Battalion, County of Sydney Regiment
* 2nd Battalion, County of Sydney Regiment
*2nd Battalion, County of Sydney Regiment
* 1st Battalion, Cumberland Regiment
*1st Battalion, Cumberland Regiment
*Parrsborough Corps<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>
* Parrsborough Corps


===The Great War===
The Nova Scotia Highlanders perpetuate the following battalions of the [[Canadian Expeditionary Force]] of the First World War:
* [[17th Battalion, CEF]]
*[[17th Battalion (Nova Scotia Highlanders), CEF]]
* [[25th Battalion (Nova Scotia Rifles), CEF]]
*[[25th Battalion (Nova Scotia Rifles), CEF]]
* [[106th Battalion, CEF]]
*[[106th Battalion (Nova Scotia Rifles), CEF]]
* [[193rd Battalion (Nova Scotia Highlanders), CEF|193rd Battalion, CEF]]
*[[193rd Battalion (Nova Scotia Highlanders), CEF]]
*[[246th Battalion (Nova Scotia Highlanders), CEF]]<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>
* [[246th Battalion, CEF]]


==Operational History==
==Operational History==

===South African War===
===South African War===
The 193rd Cumberland Battalion of Infantry contributed volunteers for the Canadian Contingents during the South African War. .<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>
The 193rd Cumberland Battalion of Infantry contributed volunteers for the Canadian Contingents during the South African War.<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>


===The Great War===
===The Great War===
Details of the 76th Colchester and Hants Rifles were placed on active service on 6 August 1914 for local protection duties.
Details of the 76th Colchester and Hants Rifles, the 78th Pictou Regiment "Highlanders" and the 93rd Cumberland Regiment were placed on active service on 6 August 1914 for local protection duties.<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>
Details of the 78th Pictou Regiment "Highlanders" were placed on active service on 6 August 1914 for local protection duties.
Details of the 93rd Cumberland Regiment were placed on active service on 6 August 1914 for local protection duties.
The '''[[17th Battalion, CEF]]''' was authorized on 19 September 1914 and embarked for Great Britain on 29 September 1914 where it was redesignated as the '''17th Reserve Battalion, CEF''' on 29 April 1915, to provide reinforcements for the Canadian Corps. The battalion was disbanded on 21 May 1917.


The '''25th Battalion, CEF''' was authorized on 7 November 1914 and embarked for Great Britain on 20 May 1915. It disembarked in France on 16 September 1916, where it fought as part of the '''5th Infantry Brigade, [[2nd Canadian Division]] ''' in France and Flanders until the end of the war. The battalion was disbanded on 15 September 1920.
The [[17th Battalion (Nova Scotia Highlanders), CEF]] was authorized on 19 September 1914 and embarked for Great Britain on 29 September 1914 where it was redesignated as the 17th Reserve Battalion, CEF on 29 April 1915, to provide reinforcements for the Canadian Corps. The battalion was disbanded on 21 May 1917.<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>


The '''106th Battalion, CEF''' was authorized on 22 December 1915 and embarked for Great Britain on 15 July 1916 where it provided reinforcements for the Canadian Corps until 5 October 1916, when its personnel were absorbed by the '''40th Battalion, CEF'''. The battalion was disbanded on 8 December 1917.
The [[25th Battalion (Nova Scotia Rifles), CEF]] was authorized on 7 November 1914 and embarked for Great Britain on 20 May 1915. It disembarked in France on 16 September 1916, where it fought as part of the 5th Infantry Brigade, [[2nd Canadian Division]] in France and Flanders until the end of the war. The battalion was disbanded on 15 September 1920.<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>


The '''193rd Battalion, CEF''' was authorized on 15 July 1916 and embarked for Great Britain on 12 October 1916 where it provided reinforcements for the Canadian Corps in the field until 20 January 1917, when its personnel were absorbed by the 17th Reserve Battalion, CEF. The battalion was disbanded on 18 February 1918.
The [[106th Battalion (Nova Scotia Rifles), CEF]] was authorized on 22 December 1915 and embarked for Great Britain on 15 July 1916 where it provided reinforcements for the Canadian Corps until 5 October 1916, when its personnel were absorbed by the '''40th Battalion, CEF'''. The battalion was disbanded on 8 December 1917.<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>


The '''246th Battalion, CEF''' was authorized on 1 May 1917 and embarked for Great Britain on 2 June 1917. On 9 June 1917, its personnel were absorbed by the 17th Reserve Battalion, CEF to provide reinforcements for the Canadian Corps in the field. The battalion was disbanded on 11 April 1918.
The [[193rd Battalion (Nova Scotia Highlanders), CEF]] was authorized on 15 July 1916 and embarked for Great Britain on 12 October 1916 where it provided reinforcements for the Canadian Corps in the field until 20 January 1917, when its personnel were absorbed by the 17th Reserve Battalion, CEF. The battalion was disbanded on 18 February 1918.<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>

The [[246th Battalion (Nova Scotia Highlanders), CEF]] was authorized on 1 May 1917 and embarked for Great Britain on 2 June 1917. On 9 June 1917, its personnel were absorbed by the 17th Reserve Battalion, CEF to provide reinforcements for the Canadian Corps in the field. The battalion was disbanded on 11 April 1918.<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>


===The Second World War===
===The Second World War===
Details of The Pictou Highlanders were called out on service on 26 August 1939 and then placed on active service on 1 September 1939 as The Pictou Highlanders, Canadian Active Service Force (Details), for local protection duties. The details called out on active service disbanded on 31 December 1940.<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>


The regiment mobilized the 1st Battalion, The Pictou Highlanders, CASF for active service on 1 January 1941. It served in Newfoundland from March to August 1943 in a home defence role as part of Atlantic Command. In September 1943, one company was despatched to the Bahamas, where it performed garrison duty until 28 March 1946. The battalion was disbanded on 30 April 1946.<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>
Details of The Pictou Highlanders were called out on service on 26 August 1939 and then placed on active service on 1 September 1939 as '''The Pictou Highlanders, Canadian Active Service Force (Details)''', for local protection duties. The details called out on active service were disbanded on 31 December 1940.


The regiment mobilized the '''1st Battalion, The Pictou Highlanders, CASF''' for active service on 1 January 1941. It served in Newfoundland from March to August 1943 in a home defence role as part of Atlantic Command. In September 1943, one company was despatched to the Bahamas, where it performed garrison duty until 28 March 1946. The battalion was disbanded on 30 April 1946.
On 10 September 1942, a sub-component of the regiment, designated Special Infantry Company (Pictou Highlanders), CASF, was mobilized for active service. It served in Bermuda on garrison duty from 12 November 1942 to 1 April 1946. The company disbanded on 30 April 1946.<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>
On 10 September 1942, a sub-component of the regiment, designated '''Special Infantry Company (Pictou Highlanders), CASF''', was mobilized for active service. It served in Bermuda on garrison duty from 12 November 1942 to 1 April 1946. The company was disbanded on 30 April 1946.


Details of The North Nova Scotia Highlanders were called out on service on 26 August 1939 and then placed on active service on 1 September 1939 as '''The North Nova Scotia Highlanders (Machine Gun), CASF (Details) ''', for local protection duties. The details called out on active service were disbanded on 31 December 1940.
Details of The North Nova Scotia Highlanders were called out on service on 26 August 1939 and then placed on active service on 1 September 1939 as The North Nova Scotia Highlanders (Machine Gun), CASF (Details), for local protection duties. The details called out on active service were disbanded on 31 December 1940.<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>


The regiment subsequently mobilized '''The North Nova Scotia Highlanders, CASF''' for active service on 24 May 1940. It was redesignated the '''1st Battalion, The North Nova Scotia Highlanders, CASF''' on 7 November 1940. It embarked for Great Britain on 18 July 1941. On D-Day, 6 June 1944, it landed in Normandy as part of the '''9th Infantry Brigade, [[3rd Canadian Infantry Division]] ''', and it continued to fight in North-West Europe until the end of the war. The overseas battalion was disbanded on 15 January 1946.
The regiment subsequently mobilized The North Nova Scotia Highlanders, CASF for active service on 24 May 1940. It was redesignated as the 1st Battalion, The North Nova Scotia Highlanders, CASF on 7 November 1940. It embarked for Great Britain on 18 July 1941. On D-Day, 6 June 1944, it landed in Normandy as part of the 9th Infantry Brigade, [[3rd Canadian Infantry Division]], and it continued to fight in North-West Europe until the end of the war. The overseas battalion disbanded on 15 January 1946.<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>


On 1 June 1945, the regiment mobilized the '''3rd Battalion, The North Nova Scotia Highlanders, Canadian Infantry Corps, Canadian Army Occupation Force' for service with the Canadian Army Occupation Force in Germany. The battalion was disbanded on 1 May 1946.
On 1 June 1945, the regiment mobilized the 3rd Battalion, The North Nova Scotia Highlanders, Canadian Infantry Corps, Canadian Army Occupation Force for service with the Canadian Army Occupation Force in Germany. The battalion disbanded on 1 May 1946.<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>


===Post-War===
===Post-War===
On 4 May 1951, the regiment mobilized two temporary Active Force companies designated "E" and "F". <ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>


"E" Company was reduced to nil strength upon its personnel being incorporated into the 1st Canadian Highland Battalion for service in Germany with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and was disbanded on 29 July 1953. On 16 October 1953 the 1st Canadian Highland Battalion was redesignated the 1st Battalion, The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada.<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>
On 4 May 1951, the regiment mobilized two temporary Active Force companies designated "E" and "F".


"E" Company was reduced to nil strength upon its personnel being incorporated into the '''1st Canadian Highland Battalion''' for service in Germany with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and was disbanded on 29 July 1953. On 16 October 1953 the 1st Canadian Highland Battalion was redesignated the 1st Battalion, The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada.
"F" Company was initially used as a reinforcement pool for "E" Company. On 15 May 1952, it was reduced to nil strength, upon its personnel being absorbed by the newly formed 2nd Canadian Highland Battalion for service in Korea with the United Nations. "F" Company was disbanded on 29 July 1953. On 16 October 1953 the 2nd Canadian Highland Battalion was redesignated the 2nd Battalion, The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada.<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>


===War In Afghanistan===
"F" Company was initially used as a reinforcement pool for "E" Company. On 15 May 1952, it was reduced to nil strength, upon its personnel being absorbed by the newly formed '''2nd Canadian Highland Battalion''' for service in Korea with the United Nations. "F" Company was disbanded on 29 July 1953. On 16 October 1953 the 2nd Canadian Highland Battalion was redesignated the 2nd Battalion, The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada.
The regiment contributed an aggregate of more than 20% of its authorized strength to the various Task Forces which served in Afghanistan between 2002 and 2014.<ref>http://pm.gc.ca/eng/news/2014/05/09/south-west-asia-theatre-honours</ref>


== Battle honours ==
==Battle Honours==
The Nova Scotia Highlanders have received 47 [[battle honour]]s and 1 honorary distinction since the unit's inception. In the list below, battle honours in capitals were awarded for participation in large operations and campaigns, while those in lowercase indicate honours granted for more specific battles. Those battle honours followed by a "+" are emblazoned on the regimental colour.<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>


===The War of 1812 ===
The Nova Scotia Highlanders have received 47 [[battle honour]]s and 1 honorary distinction since the unit's inception. In the list below, battle honours in small capitals were awarded for participation in large operations and campaigns, while those in lowercase indicate honours granted for more specific battles. Battle honours in bold type are authorized to be emblazoned on regimental colours.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nova Scotia Highlanders|url=http://www.cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca/dhh-dhp/his/ol-lo/vol-tom-3/par2/nsh-eng.asp|work=Official Lineages Volume 3, Part 2: Infantry Regiments|publisher=Directorate of History and Heritage|accessdate=22 December 2013}}</ref>
* The non-emblazonable honorary distinction {{smallcaps|Defence of Canada – 1812–1815 – {{lang|fr|Défense du Canada}}}}<ref>Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>

=== The War of 1812 ===

* The non-emblazonable honorary distinction {{smallcaps|Defence of Canada – 1812–1815 – {{lang|fr|Défense du Canada}}}}

=== South African War ===


===South African War===
* '''{{smallcaps|South Africa, 1899–1900}}'''
* '''{{smallcaps|South Africa, 1899–1900}}'''


===The Great War===
===The Great War===
*{{smallcaps|[[Second Battle of Ypres|Ypres, 1915]]}}+
{{columns-list|colwidth=15em|
* '''{{smallcaps|Ypres, 1915}}'''
*{{smallcaps|[[Battle of Festubert|FESTUBERT, 1915]]}}
* {{smallcaps|Festubert, 1915}}
*{{smallcaps|[[Battle of Mont Sorrel|MOUNT SORREL]]}}+
* '''{{smallcaps|Mount Sorrel}}'''
*{{smallcaps|[[Battle of the Somme|SOMME, 1916]]}}
*[[Battle of Flers-Courcelette|Flers-Courcelette]]
* {{smallcaps|Somme, 1916}}
*[[Battle of Thiepval|Thiepval]]
* Flers-Courcelette
*[[Battle of Ancre Heights|Ancre Heights]]
* Thiepval
*{{smallcaps|[[Battle of Arras (1917)|ARRAS, 1917]]}}+
* Ancre Heights
* '''{{smallcaps|Arras, 1917}}'''
*[[Battle of Vimy Ridge|Vimy, 1917]]+
*[[Battle of Arleux|Arleux]]
* '''Vimy, 1917'''
*[[Battle of Arras (1917)#Third Battle of the Scarpe (3–4 May 1917)|Scarpe, 1917]]
* Arleux
*{{smallcaps|[[Battle of Hill 70|HILL 70]]}}
* Scarpe, 1917
* {{smallcaps|Hill 70}}
*{{smallcaps|Battle of Passchendaele|Ypres 1917]]}}+
*[[Battle of Passchendaele|Passchendaele]]+
* '''{{smallcaps|Ypres, 1917}}'''
*{{smallcaps|[[Second Battle of the Somme (1918)|Somme 1918]]}}
* '''Passchendaele'''
* {{smallcaps|Somme, 1918}}
*[[Battle of Amiens (1918)|{{smallcaps|Amiens}}]]+
* '''{{smallcaps|Amiens}}'''
*{{smallcaps|[[Battle of Arras (1918)|Arras 1918]]}}+
*[[Battle of the Scarpe (1918)|Scarpe, 1918]]
* '''{{smallcaps|Arras, 1918}}'''
*{{smallcaps|[[Hindenburg Line]]}}+
* Scarpe, 1918
*[[Battle of the Canal du Nord|Canal du Nord]]+
* '''{{smallcaps|Hindenburg Line}}'''
*[[Battle of Cambrai (1918)|Cambrai, 1918]]
* '''Canal du Nord'''
*{{smallcaps|[[Battle of Mons|PURSUIT TO MONS]]}}
* Cambrai, 1918
* {{smallcaps|Pursuit to Mons}}
*[[Western Front (World War I)|{{smallcaps|France and Flanders, 1915–18}}]]
* '''{{smallcaps|France and Flanders, 1915–18}}'''
}}


=== The Second World War ===
===The Second World War===
*{{smallcaps|[[Normandy landing|NORMANDY LANDING]]}}
{{columns-list|colwidth=15em|
*[[Operation Perch|Authie]]+
* {{smallcaps|Normandy Landing}}
*{{smallcaps|[[Battle for Caen|CAEN]]}}
* '''Authie'''
*[[Orne River|The Orne]]
* {{smallcaps|Caen}}
*{{smallcaps|[[Operation Charnwood|BOURGUÉBUS RIDGE]]}}
* The Orne
*[[Operation Atlantic|Faubourg de Vaucelles]]
* {{smallcaps|Bourguébus Ridge}}
*[[Operation Spring|Verrières Ridge-Tilly-la-Campagne]]
* Faubourg de Vaucelles
*[[Falaise pocket|{{smallcaps|Falaise}}]]
* Verrières Ridge–Tilly-la-Campagne
*[[Operation_Tractable|The Laison]]
* {{smallcaps|Falaise}}
*[[Operation_Tractable|Chambois]]+
* The Laison
*[[Operation Wellhit|Boulogne, 1944]]+
* '''Chambois'''
*[[History of Calais#World War Two|Calais, 1944]]
* '''Boulogne, 1944'''
*[[Battle of the Scheldt|{{smallcaps|The Scheldt}}]]
* Calais, 1944
*[[Battle of the Scheldt|Savojaards Platt]]
* {{smallcaps|The Scheldt}}
*[[Battle of the Scheldt|Breskens Pocket]]+
* Savojaards Plaat
*[[Operation Veritable|{{smallcaps|The Rhineland}}]]
* '''Breskens Pocket'''
*[[Operation Veritable|Waal Flats]]
* {{smallcaps|The Rhineland}}
*[[Operation Blockbuster|The Hochwald]]
* Waal Flats
*[[Operation Plunder|{{smallcaps|The Rhine}}]]+
* The Hochwald
*[[Liberation of Arnhem|Zutphen]]
* '''{{smallcaps|The Rhine}}'''
*[[Western Allied invasion of Germany|Leer]]
* Zutphen
*[[Western Front (World War II)|{{smallcaps|North-West Europe, 1944–1945}}]]
* Leer
* {{smallcaps|North-West Europe, 1944–1945}}
}}


===War in Afghanistan===
===War in Afghanistan===
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==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.army-armee.forces.gc.ca/en/1-ns-highlanders/index.page Official Webpage]
*[http://nshighlanders.fav.cc/ Nova Scotia Highlanders Regimental Museum]
*[http://nshighlanders.fav.cc/ Nova Scotia Highlanders Regimental Museum]
* [http://army.ca/inf/nsh.php www.Army.gc.ca - The Nova Scotia Highlanders]
* [http://regimentalrogue.com/battlehonours/bathnrinf/27-nshighrs.htm Battle Honours of The Nova Scotia Highlanders]


{{DEFAULTSORT:Nova Scotia Highlanders}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nova Scotia Highlanders}}
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[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1954]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1954]]
[[Category:Truro, Nova Scotia]]
[[Category:Truro, Nova Scotia]]
[[Category:Nova Scotia Military Units]]

Revision as of 15:58, 13 June 2014

The Nova Scotia Highlanders
Active1871–present
CountryCanada
BranchPrimary Reserve
TypeLight infantry
RoleLight role
SizeOne battalion
Part ofRoyal Canadian Infantry Corps
Garrison/HQTruro, Nova Scotia
Motto(s)Siol Na Fear Fearail (Breed of Manly Men)
MarchThe Sweet Maid of Glendaruel (Regiment)
The Atholl Highlanders (1Bn)
AbbreviationNS Highrs (as seen on rank slip on)
Official-NSH

The Nova Scotia Highlanders (also known as North Novies, North Novas) is a reserve infantry regiment of the Canadian Army. It is part of 36 Canadian Brigade Group, 5th Canadian Division.

Creation

Part of a series on the
Military history of Nova Scotia
Citadel Hill in Halifax
Notable events
Battle of Port Royal1690
Siege of Port Royal1710
Battle of Winnepang1722
Northeast Coast Campaign1745
Battle of Grand Pré1747
Dartmouth Massacre1751
Bay of Fundy Campaign1755
Siege of Louisbourg1758
Royal Naval Dockyard, Halifax1758
Halifax Treaties1760–1761
Battle of Fort Cumberland1776
Raid on Lunenburg1782
Establishment of New Ireland1812
Capture of USS Chesapeake1813
‪Battle of the Great Redan1855
‪Siege of Lucknow1857
CSS Tallahassee escape1861
‪Halifax Provisional Battalion1885
‪Battle of Witpoort1899
‪Battle of Paardeberg1899
Imprisonment of Leon Trotsky1917
Jewish Legion formed1917
Sinking of Llandovery Castle1918
Battle of the St. Lawrence1942–1944
Sinking of Point Pleasant Park1945
Halifax VE-Day riot1945
Notable regiments
Mi'kmaq militias1677–1779
Acadian militias1689–1761
40th Regiment of Foot1717–1757
Louisbourg Garrison1717–1758
Gorham's Rangers1744–1762
Danks' Rangers1756–1762
84th Regiment of Foot1775–1784
Royal Fencible American1775–1783
Royal Nova Scotia Volunteers1775–1783
King's Orange Rangers1776–1783
1st Field Artilleryfrom 1791
Royal Nova Scotia1793–1802
Nova Scotia Fencibles1803–1816
Halifax Riflesfrom 1860
Princess Louise Fusiliersfrom 1867
78th Highland1869–1871
Cape Breton Highlandersfrom 1871
Nova Scotia Rifles1914–1919
No. 2 Construction Battalion1916–1919
West Nova Scotiafrom 1916
Nova Scotia Highlandersfrom 1954
Related topics

The regiment was formed in 1954 by the amalgamation of The North Nova Scotia Highlanders, The Cape Breton Highlanders, and The Pictou Highlanders.

The regiment was composed of two separate units, officially designated as the 1st Battalion, The Nova Scotia Highlanders (North), and 2nd Battalion, The Nova Scotia Highlanders (Cape Breton), both of which were part of 5th Canadian Division's 36 Canadian Brigade Group. The 1st Battalion was headquartered in Truro with individual companies located in Amherst, Pictou, New Glasgow, Springhill, and Truro. The 2nd Battalion was headquartered in Sydney, and in 2011 it was renamed back to its pre-1954 designation, the Cape Breton Highlanders.[1][2] This leaves The Nova Scotia Highlanders as a one-battalion regiment.

Headdress

Although the 2nd Battalion continued the proud tradition of wearing balmorals, the traditional headdress of the regiment, the 1st Battalion did not. There was a strong movement within the unit by the majority of the troops to replace the beret with the balmoral once again as it marked out the highland unit as distinctive and showed the ties with the unit's heritage that contributed to its ésprit de corps. As of January 1, 2011, the balmoral once again became the official headdress of the 1st Battalion as well.

Lineage

The Nova Scotia Highlanders

  • Originated in Truro, Nova Scotia, 6 April 1871 as the Colchester and Hants Provisional Battalion of Infantry
  • Redesignated as the 78th Colchester and Hants, or Highlanders Battalion of Infantry, 1 September 1871
  • Redesignated as the 78th "Colchester, Hants and Pictou" Battalion of Infantry or "Highlanders," 5 September 1879
  • Redesignated as the 78th Colchester, Hants and Pictou Regiment "Highlanders," 8 May 1900
  • Redesignated as the 78th Pictou Regiment "Highlanders," 1 March 1910
  • Redesignated as The Pictou Regiment, 29 March 1920
  • Redesignated as The Pictou Highlanders, 2 July 1920
  • Redesignated as the 2nd (Reserve) Battalion, The Pictou Highlanders, 7 November 1940
  • Redesignated as The Pictou Highlanders (Motor), 1 April 1946
  • Amalgamated on 12 November 1954 with The North Nova Scotia Highlanders and the 189th Light Anti-Aircraft Battery, RCA and redesignated the 1st Battalion of The Nova Scotia Highlanders
  • On 9 December 2010 the 2nd Battalion, The Nova Scotia Highlanders (Cape Breton) was reorganized as a separate regiment and redesignated as The Cape Breton Highlanders[3]

The North Nova Scotia Highlanders

  • Originated in Amherst, Nova Scotia, 6 April 1871 as the Cumberland Provisional Battalion of Infantry
  • Redesignated as the 93rd Cumberland Battalion of Infantry, 12 June 1885
  • Redesignated as the 93rd Cumberland Regiment, on 8 May 1900
  • Redesignated as The Cumberland Regiment, 29 March 1920
  • Redesignated as The Cumberland Highlanders, 15 June 1927
  • Amalgamated on 1 December 1936 with The Colchester and Hants Regiment (less 'C Company') and C Company of the 6th Machine Gun Battalion, CMGC (now The Princess Louise Fusiliers) and redesignated as The North Nova Scotia Highlanders (Machine Gun)
  • Redesignated as the 2nd (Reserve) Battalion, The North Nova Scotia Highlanders (Machine Gun), 7 November 1940
  • Redesignated as the 2nd (Reserve) Battalion, The North Nova Scotia Highlanders, 7 March 1941
  • Redesignated as The North Nova Scotia Highlanders, 1 May 1946.
  • Amalgamated on 12 November 1954 with The Pictou Highlanders (Motor) and the 189th Light Anti-Aircraft Battery, RCA[4]

The Colchester and Hants Regiment

  • Originated in Truro, Nova Scotia, 1 April 1910 as the 70th Colchester and Hants Regiment
  • Redesignated as the 76th Colchester and Hants Rifles, 2 May 1910
  • Amalgamated on 15 May 1920 with the 81st "Hants" Regiment and redesignated as 'The Colchester and Hants Regiment
  • Amalgamated on 1 December 1936, less "C" Company, with The Cumberland Highlanders and C Company of the 6th Machine Gun Battalion, CMGC[5]

The 81st "Hants" Regiment

  • Originated in Windsor, Nova Scotia, 16 February 1914 as an "8 company Regiment of Infantry in Hants County"
  • Redesignated as the 68th Regiment, 1 May 1914
  • Redesignated as the 81st "Hants" Regiment, 1 June 1914
  • Amalgamated on 15 May 1920 with the 76th Colchester and Hants Rifles[6]

189th Light Anti-Aircraft Battery, RCA

  • Originated in Stellarton, Nova Scotia, 1 April 1946
  • Amalgamated on 12 November 1954 with The Pictou Highlanders (Motor) and The North Nova Scotia Highlanders[7]

Perpetuations

War of 1812

  • 1st Battalion, County of Sydney Regiment
  • 2nd Battalion, County of Sydney Regiment
  • 1st Battalion, Cumberland Regiment
  • Parrsborough Corps[8]

The Great War

Operational History

South African War

The 193rd Cumberland Battalion of Infantry contributed volunteers for the Canadian Contingents during the South African War.[10]

The Great War

Details of the 76th Colchester and Hants Rifles, the 78th Pictou Regiment "Highlanders" and the 93rd Cumberland Regiment were placed on active service on 6 August 1914 for local protection duties.[11]

The 17th Battalion (Nova Scotia Highlanders), CEF was authorized on 19 September 1914 and embarked for Great Britain on 29 September 1914 where it was redesignated as the 17th Reserve Battalion, CEF on 29 April 1915, to provide reinforcements for the Canadian Corps. The battalion was disbanded on 21 May 1917.[12]

The 25th Battalion (Nova Scotia Rifles), CEF was authorized on 7 November 1914 and embarked for Great Britain on 20 May 1915. It disembarked in France on 16 September 1916, where it fought as part of the 5th Infantry Brigade, 2nd Canadian Division in France and Flanders until the end of the war. The battalion was disbanded on 15 September 1920.[13]

The 106th Battalion (Nova Scotia Rifles), CEF was authorized on 22 December 1915 and embarked for Great Britain on 15 July 1916 where it provided reinforcements for the Canadian Corps until 5 October 1916, when its personnel were absorbed by the 40th Battalion, CEF. The battalion was disbanded on 8 December 1917.[14]

The 193rd Battalion (Nova Scotia Highlanders), CEF was authorized on 15 July 1916 and embarked for Great Britain on 12 October 1916 where it provided reinforcements for the Canadian Corps in the field until 20 January 1917, when its personnel were absorbed by the 17th Reserve Battalion, CEF. The battalion was disbanded on 18 February 1918.[15]

The 246th Battalion (Nova Scotia Highlanders), CEF was authorized on 1 May 1917 and embarked for Great Britain on 2 June 1917. On 9 June 1917, its personnel were absorbed by the 17th Reserve Battalion, CEF to provide reinforcements for the Canadian Corps in the field. The battalion was disbanded on 11 April 1918.[16]

The Second World War

Details of The Pictou Highlanders were called out on service on 26 August 1939 and then placed on active service on 1 September 1939 as The Pictou Highlanders, Canadian Active Service Force (Details), for local protection duties. The details called out on active service disbanded on 31 December 1940.[17]

The regiment mobilized the 1st Battalion, The Pictou Highlanders, CASF for active service on 1 January 1941. It served in Newfoundland from March to August 1943 in a home defence role as part of Atlantic Command. In September 1943, one company was despatched to the Bahamas, where it performed garrison duty until 28 March 1946. The battalion was disbanded on 30 April 1946.[18]

On 10 September 1942, a sub-component of the regiment, designated Special Infantry Company (Pictou Highlanders), CASF, was mobilized for active service. It served in Bermuda on garrison duty from 12 November 1942 to 1 April 1946. The company disbanded on 30 April 1946.[19]

Details of The North Nova Scotia Highlanders were called out on service on 26 August 1939 and then placed on active service on 1 September 1939 as The North Nova Scotia Highlanders (Machine Gun), CASF (Details), for local protection duties. The details called out on active service were disbanded on 31 December 1940.[20]

The regiment subsequently mobilized The North Nova Scotia Highlanders, CASF for active service on 24 May 1940. It was redesignated as the 1st Battalion, The North Nova Scotia Highlanders, CASF on 7 November 1940. It embarked for Great Britain on 18 July 1941. On D-Day, 6 June 1944, it landed in Normandy as part of the 9th Infantry Brigade, 3rd Canadian Infantry Division, and it continued to fight in North-West Europe until the end of the war. The overseas battalion disbanded on 15 January 1946.[21]

On 1 June 1945, the regiment mobilized the 3rd Battalion, The North Nova Scotia Highlanders, Canadian Infantry Corps, Canadian Army Occupation Force for service with the Canadian Army Occupation Force in Germany. The battalion disbanded on 1 May 1946.[22]

Post-War

On 4 May 1951, the regiment mobilized two temporary Active Force companies designated "E" and "F". [23]

"E" Company was reduced to nil strength upon its personnel being incorporated into the 1st Canadian Highland Battalion for service in Germany with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and was disbanded on 29 July 1953. On 16 October 1953 the 1st Canadian Highland Battalion was redesignated the 1st Battalion, The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada.[24]

"F" Company was initially used as a reinforcement pool for "E" Company. On 15 May 1952, it was reduced to nil strength, upon its personnel being absorbed by the newly formed 2nd Canadian Highland Battalion for service in Korea with the United Nations. "F" Company was disbanded on 29 July 1953. On 16 October 1953 the 2nd Canadian Highland Battalion was redesignated the 2nd Battalion, The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada.[25]

War In Afghanistan

The regiment contributed an aggregate of more than 20% of its authorized strength to the various Task Forces which served in Afghanistan between 2002 and 2014.[26]

Battle Honours

The Nova Scotia Highlanders have received 47 battle honours and 1 honorary distinction since the unit's inception. In the list below, battle honours in capitals were awarded for participation in large operations and campaigns, while those in lowercase indicate honours granted for more specific battles. Those battle honours followed by a "+" are emblazoned on the regimental colour.[27]

The War of 1812

  • The non-emblazonable honorary distinction Defence of Canada – 1812–1815 – Défense du Canada[28]

South African War

  • South Africa, 1899–1900

The Great War

The Second World War

War in Afghanistan

Armouries

Site Date(s) Designated Location Description Image
Col Welsford MacDonald Armoury 31 Union Street Pictou, Nova Scotia
  • Housing The Nova Scotia Highlanders, this centrally located building has a flat roof
New Glasgow Armoury 10 Riverside Parkway New Glasgow, Nova Scotia
  • Housing The Nova Scotia Highlanders, this centrally located building has a flat roof
Col James Layton Ralston Armoury, Acadia Street 1914-1915 David Ewart Canada's Register of Historic Places; Recognized - 1990 Register of the Government of Canada Heritage Buildings Amherst, Nova Scotia
    • Housing The Nova Scotia Highlanders, this large, centrally-located stone and brick Baronial style building features two sturdy towers, a triple arched entrance way and a large drill hall
LCol Daniel J Murray Armoury 72 North Street Springhill, Nova Scotia
  • Housing The Nova Scotia Highlanders, this centrally located building has a flat roof
Truro Armoury 126 Willow Street, 1874 Thomas Seaton Scott Canada's Register of Historic Places; Recognized - 1991 Register of the Government of Canada Heritage Buildings Truro, Nova Scotia
  • Housing 1st Battalion, The Nova Scotia Highlanders, this centrally located box-like Dominion style Neo-Gothic style building with a flat roof was designed with classical inspiration.

Alliances

Order of precedence

Preceded by The Nova Scotia Highlanders Succeeded by

See also

References

Texts

  • No Retreating Footsteps: The Story of the North Novas (by Will R. Bird)
  • The Fighting North Novies: Into the Fire (by Al Cameron)

Endnotes

  1. ^ Ministry of National Defence (January 16, 2011). "Minister of National Defence Peter Mackay Announces the Return of the Cape Breton Highlanders". Retrieved January 20, 2011.
  2. ^ Ken MacLeod (September 8, 2011). "Cape Breton Highlanders on parade Saturday for first time in more than 50 years". Cape Breton Post. Retrieved September 11, 2011.
  3. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  4. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  5. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  6. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  7. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  8. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  9. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  10. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  11. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  12. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  13. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  14. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  15. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  16. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  17. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  18. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  19. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  20. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  21. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  22. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  23. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  24. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  25. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  26. ^ http://pm.gc.ca/eng/news/2014/05/09/south-west-asia-theatre-honours
  27. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  28. ^ Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.
  29. ^ "South-West Asia Theatre Honours". Office of the Prime Minister of Canada. Retrieved 11 May 2014.
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