Herrerian style: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Evangelg.jpg|300px|right|thumb|Monastery of El Escorial, Evangelistas square.]] |
[[Image:Evangelg.jpg|300px|right|thumb|Monastery of El Escorial, Evangelistas square.]] |
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The '''Herrerian''' ({{lang-es|Herreriano, Arquitectura herreriana}}) was developed in [[Spain]] during the last third of the 16th century under the reign of [[Philip II of Spain|Philip II]] (1556-1598), and continued in force in the 17th century, but transformed by the [Baroque]] current of the time. It corresponds to the third and final stage of the [[Spanish Renaissance]] architecture, which evolved into a progressive purification ornamental, from the initial [[plateresque]] to classical [[Purism (architecture)|purism]] of the second third of the 16th century and total nudity decorative that introduced the Herrerian style. |
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The '''Herreran''' ({{lang-es|Herreriano, Arquitectura herreriana}}) is a style of [[Spain|Spanish]] [[architecture]] from the period of the [[Renaissance]] and [[Spanish Baroque|Baroque]]. It takes its name from its most notable practitioner, [[Juan de Herrera]] (1530-1593). |
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It originated with the construction of the [[Monastery of El Escorial]] ([[San Lorenzo de El Escorial]], [[Community of Madrid]]) and, more specifically, with the reorganization of the project made by Cantabrian architect [[Juan de Herrera]] (1530-1597), after the death of [[Juan Bautista de Toledo]] (1515-1567), author of the first design. |
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It is characterized by strongly defined lines and a lack of decoration –contemporaries called it the "unadorned style"- that approaches architectural sobriety, somberness, and bareness. |
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Its main representatives are the mentioned Herrera, whose the style owes its name, and [[Francisco de Mora]] (1553-1610), disciple of the anterior and architect of the [[Lerma Ducal Palace|Ducal Palace of Lerma]] ([[Lerma]], [[Province of Burgos]]), other of the key works of Herrerian architecture. |
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Some examples of this style include the [[Escorial]]; the [[Cathedral of Valladolid|Cathedral of the Assumption in Valladolid]]; the Lonja (Silk Exchange) of [[Seville]]; the convent of Santa Teresa in [[Ávila, Spain|Ávila]]; and the Colegio de Nuestra Señora de La Antigua, in [[Monforte de Lemos]]. The style spread to the [[Spanish Empire|Spanish colonies in America]], where it can be found in the cathedrals of [[Mexico City]] and [[Puebla, Puebla|Puebla]].<ref>[http://www.arqhys.com/arquitectura-renacentista.html Arquitectura renacentista<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> The Herrerian was used most successfully in grandiose and monumental projects. |
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== Features == |
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The Herrerian architecture, or Herrerian style is characterized by its [[Geometry|geometric]] rigor, the mathematical relation between the various architectural features, the clean volumes, the dominance of the wall over the span and the almost total absence of decoration, which is why in time was called '''desornamentaded style'''. Is also known as '''escorial style''', referring to the building that serves as [[paradigm]] for the current architecture. |
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The Herrerian buildings are noted for its severe horizontality, achieved through the balance of forms, preferably cubic, which are arranged symmetrically in the structure. Usually have wooden roofs covered with [[slate]] in the exterior and side towers, tipped with pointed toes pyramidal spire, which introduce an element of verticality, while helping to reinforce the sense of symmetry. |
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At other cases, not looking both the horizontal and the bulkiness, which is reached through the geometrical design of the various architectural elements. This is the case of the model used in the construction of parish churches, with great facades, quadrangular towers and heavy [[buttress]]es. |
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It is, in most cases, works of great size, imposing in its environment and impress with its austere and monumental air. |
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In regard to decorative applications, these reduce the use of basic geometric shapes such as [[sphere]]s and [[pyramid]]s. From a [[Sociology|sociological]] standpoint, this sobriety is a response to [[Protestantism]], in line with the guidelines set by the [[Council of Trent]] (1545-1563). |
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==Gallery== |
==Gallery== |
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Revision as of 05:43, 1 April 2011
The Herrerian (Spanish: Herreriano, Arquitectura herreriana) was developed in Spain during the last third of the 16th century under the reign of Philip II (1556-1598), and continued in force in the 17th century, but transformed by the [Baroque]] current of the time. It corresponds to the third and final stage of the Spanish Renaissance architecture, which evolved into a progressive purification ornamental, from the initial plateresque to classical purism of the second third of the 16th century and total nudity decorative that introduced the Herrerian style.
It originated with the construction of the Monastery of El Escorial (San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Community of Madrid) and, more specifically, with the reorganization of the project made by Cantabrian architect Juan de Herrera (1530-1597), after the death of Juan Bautista de Toledo (1515-1567), author of the first design.
Its main representatives are the mentioned Herrera, whose the style owes its name, and Francisco de Mora (1553-1610), disciple of the anterior and architect of the Ducal Palace of Lerma (Lerma, Province of Burgos), other of the key works of Herrerian architecture.
Features
The Herrerian architecture, or Herrerian style is characterized by its geometric rigor, the mathematical relation between the various architectural features, the clean volumes, the dominance of the wall over the span and the almost total absence of decoration, which is why in time was called desornamentaded style. Is also known as escorial style, referring to the building that serves as paradigm for the current architecture.
The Herrerian buildings are noted for its severe horizontality, achieved through the balance of forms, preferably cubic, which are arranged symmetrically in the structure. Usually have wooden roofs covered with slate in the exterior and side towers, tipped with pointed toes pyramidal spire, which introduce an element of verticality, while helping to reinforce the sense of symmetry.
At other cases, not looking both the horizontal and the bulkiness, which is reached through the geometrical design of the various architectural elements. This is the case of the model used in the construction of parish churches, with great facades, quadrangular towers and heavy buttresses.
It is, in most cases, works of great size, imposing in its environment and impress with its austere and monumental air.
In regard to decorative applications, these reduce the use of basic geometric shapes such as spheres and pyramids. From a sociological standpoint, this sobriety is a response to Protestantism, in line with the guidelines set by the Council of Trent (1545-1563).
Gallery
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Colegio de Nuestra Señora de La Antigua, Monforte de Lemos. This is considered an example of the Herrerian style. -
Palace of Lerma (Burgos) -
Hospital of Tavera (Toledo, built between 1541 - 1603). -
Inner square arcade of Hospital of Tavera. -
El Escorial (Madrid)from Monte Abantos.
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Notes
External links
- Template:Es icon Arquitectura renacentista
- Template:Es icon Arquitectura Renacentista Clásica y Herreriana
