2023 Atlantic hurricane season: Difference between revisions

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}}{{Infobox weather event/Current
}}{{Infobox weather event/Current
| name =
| name =
| as-of = 5:00 a.m. [[Atlantic Standard Time|AST]] (09:00 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]) August 26
| as-of = 11:00 a.m. [[Atlantic Standard Time|AST]] (15:00 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]) August 26
| lat = 22.8
| lat = 23.5
| lon = -65.8
| lon = -66.7
| within-units = 30 [[nautical mile|nm]]
| within-units = 30 [[nautical mile|nm]]
| distance-from = About {{convert|350|mi|km|abbr=on|round=5|comma=off}} ENE of [[Grand Turk Island]]<br>About {{convert|660|mi|km|abbr=on|round=5|comma=off}} S of [[Bermuda]]
| distance-from = About {{convert|315|mi|km|abbr=on|round=5|comma=off}} ENE of [[Grand Turk Island]]<br>About {{convert|620|mi|km|abbr=on|round=5|comma=off}} S of [[Bermuda]]
| movement = [[Points of the compass|ENE]] at {{convert|5|kn|mph km/h|abbr=on|order=out|0}}
| movement = [[Points of the compass|NNW]] at {{convert|6|kn|mph km/h|abbr=on|order=out|0}}
}}{{Infobox weather event/live|NWS
}}{{Infobox weather event/live|NWS
| winds = 65
| winds = 65
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====Current storm information====
====Current storm information====
As of 5:00&nbsp;a.m. [[Atlantic Standard Time|AST]] (09:00 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]) August&nbsp;26, Tropical Storm Franklin is located within 30&nbsp;[[nautical mile]]s of {{coord|22.8|N|65.8|W|dim:5000km|name=Franklin|display=}}, about {{convert|350|mi|km|round=5}} east-northeast of [[Grand Turk Island]] and about {{convert|660|mi|km|round=5}} south of [[Bermuda]]. Maximum sustained winds are {{convert|55|kn|mph km/h|abbr=on|order=out|round=5}}, with gusts up to {{convert|65|kn|mph km/h|abbr=on|order=out|round=5}}. The minimum barometric pressure is {{convert|992|mbar|inHg|abbr=on|sigfig=4|comma=off}}, and the system is moving east-northeast at {{convert|5|kn|mph km/h|abbr=on|order=out|0}}. Tropical&nbsp;storm-force winds extend outward up to 115&nbsp;miles (185&nbsp;km) from the center.
As of 11:00&nbsp;a.m. [[Atlantic Standard Time|AST]] (15:00 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]) August&nbsp;26, Tropical Storm Franklin is located within 30&nbsp;[[nautical mile]]s of {{coord|23.5|N|66.7|W|dim:5000km|name=Franklin|display=}}, about {{convert|315|mi|km|round=5}} east-northeast of [[Grand Turk Island]] and about {{convert|620|mi|km|round=5}} south of [[Bermuda]]. Maximum sustained winds are {{convert|65|kn|mph km/h|abbr=on|order=out|round=5}}, with gusts up to {{convert|80|kn|mph km/h|abbr=on|order=out|round=5}}. The minimum barometric pressure is {{convert|989|mbar|inHg|abbr=on|sigfig=4|comma=off}}, and the system is moving north-northwest at {{convert|6|kn|mph km/h|abbr=on|order=out|0}}. Hurricane-force winds extend outward up to 10&nbsp;miles (20&nbsp;km) from the center and tropical&nbsp;storm-force winds extend outward up to 140&nbsp;miles (220&nbsp;km).


For the latest official information, see:
For the latest official information, see:


* The NHC's [https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/text/refresh/MIATCPAT3+shtml/ latest public advisory on Tropical Storm Franklin]
* The NHC's [https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/text/refresh/MIATCPAT3+shtml/ latest public advisory on Hurricane Franklin]
* The NHC's [https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/text/refresh/MIATCMAT3+shtml/ latest forecast advisory on Tropical Storm Franklin]
* The NHC's [https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/text/refresh/MIATCMAT3+shtml/ latest forecast advisory on Hurricane Franklin]
* The NHC's [https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/text/refresh/MIATCDAT3+shtml/ latest forecast discussion on Tropical Storm Franklin]
* The NHC's [https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/text/refresh/MIATCDAT3+shtml/ latest forecast discussion on Hurricane Franklin]


{{clear}}
{{clear}}

Revision as of 14:57, 26 August 2023

2023 Atlantic hurricane season
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formedJanuary 16, 2023
Last system dissipatedSeason ongoing
Strongest storm
NameUnnamed[nb 1]
 • Maximum winds70 mph (110 km/h)
(1-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure976 mbar (hPa; 28.82 inHg)
Seasonal statistics
Total depressions9
Total storms9
Hurricanes2
Major hurricanes
(Cat. 3+)		0
Total fatalities2 total
Total damageUnknown
Related articles
Atlantic hurricane seasons
2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025

The 2023 Atlantic hurricane season is the current hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean in the Northern Hemisphere. It officially began on June 1, and will end on November 30. These dates, adopted by convention, historically describe the period in each year when most tropical cyclogenesis occurs in the Atlantic.[1] However, the formation of subtropical or tropical cyclones is possible at any time of the year, as shown by the formation of a subtropical storm on January 16, the earliest start of an Atlantic hurricane season since Hurricane Alex in 2016.[2]

Four named storms formed during the first six weeks of the season. Two of these, Tropical Storms Bret and Cindy, both developed east of the Caribbean in June, a first for any June on record. Moreover, the phenomenon of having two June tropical storms simultaneously active had not occurred since 1968. After almost a month's break, four more systems formed within three days in August, including tropical storms Franklin and Harold, which would make landfall in the Dominican Republic on August 23 and in Texas on August 22, respectively.

Seasonal forecasts

Predictions of tropical activity in the 2023 season
Source Date Named
storms 		Hurricanes Major
hurricanes 		Ref
Average (1991–2020) 14.4 7.2 3.2 [3]
Record high activity 30 15 7† [4]
Record low activity 1 0† 0† [4]
TSR December 6, 2022 13 6 3 [5]
TSR April 6, 2023 12 6 2 [6]
UA April 7, 2023 19 9 5 [7]
CSU April 13, 2023 13 6 2 [8]
TWC April 13, 2023 15 7 3 [9]
NCSU April 13, 2023 11–15 6–8 2–3 [10]
MU April 27, 2023 15 7 3 [11]
UPenn May 1, 2023 12–20 N/A N/A [12]
SMN May 4, 2023 10–16 3–7 2–4 [13]
NOAA May 25, 2023 12–17 5–9 1–4 [14]
UKMO* May 26, 2023 20 11 5 [15]
TSR May 31, 2023 13 6 2 [16]
CSU June 1, 2023 15 7 3 [17]
UA June 16, 2023 25 12 6 [18]
TWC June 17, 2023 17 9 4 [19]
CSU July 6, 2023 18 9 4 [20]
TSR July 7, 2023 17 8 3 [21]
TWC July 19, 2023 20 10 5 [22]
UKMO August 1, 2023 19 9 6 [23]
CSU August 3, 2023 18 9 4 [24]
TSR August 8, 2023 18 8 3 [25]
NOAA August 10, 2023 14–21 6–11 2–5 [26]
Actual activity 9 1 0
* June–November only
† Most recent of several such occurrences. (See all)

In advance of, and during, each hurricane season, several forecasts of hurricane activity are issued by national meteorological services, scientific agencies, and research groups. More than 25 forecasts were made for the 2023 Atlantic hurricane season.[27] Among them were forecasts from the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)'s Climate Prediction Center, Mexico's Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (SMN), Tropical Storm Risk (TSR), the United Kingdom's Met Office (UKMO), and Philip J. Klotzbach, William M. Gray and their associates at Colorado State University (CSU). The forecasts include weekly and monthly changes in significant factors that help determine the number of tropical storms, hurricanes, and major hurricanes within a particular year. According to NOAA and CSU, the average Atlantic hurricane season between 1991 and 2020 contained roughly 14 tropical storms, seven hurricanes, three major hurricanes, and an accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index of 74–126 units.[28] Broadly speaking, ACE is a measure of the power of a tropical or subtropical storm multiplied by the length of time it existed. It is only calculated for full advisories on specific tropical and subtropical systems reaching or exceeding wind speeds of 39 mph (63 km/h). NOAA typically categorizes a season as above-average, average, or below-average based on the cumulative ACE index, but the number of tropical storms, hurricanes, and major hurricanes within a hurricane season is sometimes also considered.[3]

Pre-season forecasts

On December 6, 2022, TSR released the first early prediction for the 2023 Atlantic season, predicting a slightly below average year with 13 named storms, 6 hurricanes, and 3 major hurricanes.[5] Their updated prediction on April 6, 2023, called for a similar number of hurricanes, but reduced the number of named storms and major hurricanes by one.[6] The following day, the University of Arizona (UA) posted their forecast calling for a very active season featuring 19 named storms, 9 hurricanes, 5 major hurricanes, and an ACE index of 163 units.[7] On April 13, CSU researchers released their prediction calling for 13 named storms, 6 hurricanes, 2 major hurricanes, and an ACE index of 100 units.[29] Also on April 13, TWC posted their forecast for 2023, calling for a near average season with 15 named storms, 7 hurricanes, and 3 major hurricanes.[9] On April 27, University of Missouri (MU) issued their predictions of 10 named storms, 4 between categories one and two, and 3 major hurricanes.[11] On May 1, University of Pennsylvania (UPenn) released their forecast for 12 to 20 named storms.[12] On May 4, SMN issued its forecast for the Atlantic basin, anticipating 10 to 16 named storms overall, with 3 to 7 hurricanes, and 2 to 4 major hurricanes.[13] On May 25, NOAA announced its forecast, calling for 12 to 17 named storms, 5 to 9 hurricanes, and 1 to 4 major hurricanes, with a 40% chance of a near-normal season and 30% each for an above-average season and a below-average season.[14] One day later, UKMO issued its forecast calling for an extremely active season, with 20 named storms, 11 hurricanes, 5 major hurricanes, and an ACE index of 222 units.[15]

In general, there was a wide range of conclusions among the groups making pre-season forecasts. With regard to number of hurricanes, projections ranged from 5 by SMN to 11 by UKMO. This reflected an uncertainty on the part of the various organizations about how the expected late-summer El Niño event and near record-warm warm sea surface temperatures would together impact tropical activity.[27]

Mid-season forecasts

On June 1, the first official day of the season, CSU issued an updated forecast in which they raised their numbers slightly, now expecting a near-average season with 15 named storms, 7 hurricanes, 3 major hurricanes, and an ACE index of 125 units. They observed sea surface temperatures in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic had increased further to almost record-highs, which could offset increased wind shear from the impending El Niño.[17] On June 16, UA updated its seasonal prediction, which indicates a very active hurricane season, with 25 named storms, 12 hurricanes, 6 major hurricanes, and an ACE index of 260 units.[18] On July 6, CSU issued an updated forecast increasing their numbers, predicting a very active season; they now expect 18 storms, 9 hurricanes, and 4 major hurricanes, with an ACE index of 160 units.[20] The following day, TSR released the first seasonal prediction, predicting a slightly above average year with 17 named storms, 8 hurricanes, and 3 major hurricanes and an ACE index of 125.[21] On July 19, TWC updated their forecast, calling for a very active season with 20 named storms, 10 hurricanes, and 5 major hurricanes, citing that a very warm Atlantic ocean could exert more influence and override the El Niño influence.[22]

On August 10, NOAA raised their forecast and announced there was a 60% chance the season would be above average. They stated that despite expecting the ongoing El Niño to persist through the season, the atmospheric response to El Niño had been slow to take hold and was unlikely to restrict Atlantic hurricane activity.[26]

Seasonal summary

For a chronological guide, see Timeline of the 2023 Atlantic hurricane season.
Saffir-Simpson scale
Two simultaneous tropical cyclones on June 22, Tropical Storm Bret (left) and Tropical Depression Four, which would later become Tropical Storm Cindy (right)

The 2023 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1 and will end on November 30. Nonetheless, it unexpectedly commenced on January 16, when an unnamed subtropical storm formed off the northeastern U.S. coast then moved over Atlantic Canada.[30] Operationally, the NHC considered the storm to be non-tropical, with minimal likelihood of transitioning into a subtropical or tropical cyclone.[31] A post-storm evaluation of the system to determine its proper classification was conducted by a team of forecasters from the NHC and Ocean Prediction Center (OPC). As a result, it was re-designated as subtropical prior to the official start of the season.[30] Tropical Storm Arlene began as a tropical depression on June 1, in the Gulf of Mexico, and became the season's first named storm on June 2. Later that month, when Tropical Storm Bret and Tropical Storm Cindy formed, there were two Atlantic tropical cyclones active simultaneously in June for the first time since 1968.[32] The two developed in the Main Development Region (MDR) from successive tropical waves coming off the coast of West Africa.[33] Their formation also marked the first time on record that two tropical storms have formed in the MDR during the month of June.[34] Next, Subtropical Storm Don formed over the central Atlantic on July 14. A long-lived storm, it later became fully tropical and strengthened into the season's first hurricane as it meandered around the ocean far from land.[35][36] After a 26-day hiatus, the season's activity begin to rise drastically. Tropical Depression Six, which later became Tropical Storm Gert, formed on August 19 in the Main Development Region, followed by Tropical Storms Emily and Franklin the next day. Tropical Depression Nine formed a day after that, August 21, and became Tropical Storm Harold.

This season's ACE index as of 09:00 UTC on August 26, as calculated by Colorado State University using data from the NHC, is approximately 22.2 units.[37] This number represents sum of the squares of the maximum sustained wind speed (knots) for all named storms while they are at least tropical storm intensity, divided by 10,000. Therefore, tropical depressions are not included.[3]

Systems

Unnamed subtropical storm

Subtropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationJanuary 16 – January 17
Peak intensity70 mph (110 km/h) (1-min);
976 mbar (hPa)
See also: List of off-season Atlantic hurricanes and List of unnamed tropical cyclones

On January 16, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) issued a special tropical weather outlook concerning a low-pressure area centered roughly 300 mi (480 km) north of Bermuda. The NHC noted that the low exhibited thunderstorm activity near its center but assessed it as unlikely to transition into a tropical or subtropical cyclone.[38] These thunderstorms may have developed due to the combination of the cyclone's position over the Gulf Stream, where sea surface temperatures around 68–70 °F (20–21 °C) and cold air aloft resulted in high atmospheric instability.[31] Contrary to expectations, a subtropical storm formed on January 16, about 345 mi (555 km) southeast of Nantucket, Massachusetts. Developing with sustained winds of 60 mph (95 km/h), the system initially intensified, peaking with maximum sustained winds of 70 mph (110 km/h) early on January 17. At 12:45 UTC, it made landfall at Louisbourg, Nova Scotia, as a weakening storm, then soon became a post-tropical low, before dissipating over far eastern Quebec the next day.[30]

There was no storm-related damage reported, likely because its most intense winds remained offshore.[2] The subtropical storm was located within a broader storm system that brought snowfall to parts of coastal New England, including up to 4.5 in (11 cm) in portions of Massachusetts, with 3.5 in (8.9 cm) of snow in Boston.[39] In Nova Scotia, the storm brought wind gusts of near 68 mph (110 km/h) to Sable Island.[30] The system became acknowledged as the season's first storm on May 11, when it was given the subtropical storm designation by the NHC, following a post-operational review of data gathered on it operationally.[40]

Tropical Storm Arlene

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationJune 1 – June 3
Peak intensity40 mph (65 km/h) (1-min);
998 mbar (hPa)

On May 30, the NHC began monitoring an area of disturbed weather over the eastern Gulf of Mexico for possible tropical development.[41] An area of low pressure developed the following day.[42] The system organized into Tropical Depression Two at 12:00 UTC on June 1, while located off the west coast of Florida.[43] Hurricane hunters investigated the depression on the morning of June 2, and determined that it had strengthened into Tropical Storm Arlene.[44] Moving southward, Arlene remained a minimal tropical storm throughout the day with sustained winds of 40 mph (65 km/h). At 06:00 UTC on June 3, it weakened to a tropical depression. Six hours later, it degenerated into a remnant low, and then subsequently dissipated north of Cuba.[43] Arlene brought 2–6 in (51–152 mm) of rainfall across South Florida, helping to reduce drought concerns along with other rains that week.[45]

Tropical Storm Bret

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationJune 19 – June 24
Peak intensity70 mph (110 km/h) (1-min);
996 mbar (hPa)

On June 15, the NHC began monitoring a tropical wave about to move off the coast of West Africa.[46] The disturbance became better organized due to warm sea surface temperatures and favorable atmospheric conditions.[47][48] On the morning of June 19, the system organized into Tropical Depression Three,[49] and strengthened into Tropical Storm Bret later that day, about 1,295 mi (2,085 km) east of the southern Windward Islands.[50][51] Gradual intensification occurred during the next couple of days as it headed west towards the Lesser Antilles. Hurricane hunters investigated Bret early on June 22 and found sustained winds of 70 mph (110 km/h) and a central pressure of 996 mbar (29.4 inHg).[52] Soon after, Bret moved into an area of increased vertical wind shear, causing it to gradually weaken as it moved across the Lesser Antilles.[53] Overnight on June 22–23, it passed just north of Barbados and directly over St. Vincent.[54] Next, during the early hours of June 24, Bret passed just to the north of Aruba as a weakening storm with only minimal convection occurring near its center,[55] and opened into a trough later that day, near the Guajira Peninsula of Colombia.[56]

Bret brought gusty winds and heavy rains to the Windward Islands, with its center passing just north of Barbados and directly over St. Vincent. More than 120 residents in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines sought refuge in shelters as evacuations occurred near the coastline.[57] The storm damaged or destroyed several homes there. Hewanorra International Airport on Saint Lucia reported a wind gust of 69 mph (111 km/h) at 05:00 UTC on June 23, and officials reported that much of the island's electrical grid had been knocked out by the storm.[54]

Tropical Storm Cindy

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationJune 22 – June 26
Peak intensity60 mph (95 km/h) (1-min);
1004 mbar (hPa)

On June 18, the NHC began tracking a tropical wave that had recently moved off the coast of West Africa,[58] which became more organized the next day.[59] Though the system initially struggled to become better organized, it was in an environment overall conducive to development,[60][61] and organized into Tropical Depression Four on the morning of June 22, while about 1,395 mi (2,245 km) east of the Lesser Antilles.[62][63] Despite marginal atmospheric conditions, the depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Cindy early the next day. At 12:00 UTC on June 24, Cindy's sustained winds intensified to 60 mph (95 km/h). But later that day and continuing into the next, the storm grew progressively weaker. Then, at 06:00 UTC on June 26, Cindy dissipated about 375 mi (605 km) north-northeast of the Northern Leeward Islands.[62][64]

Hurricane Don

Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
 
DurationJuly 14 – July 24
Peak intensity75 mph (120 km/h) (1-min);
988 mbar (hPa)

A trough of low pressure formed over the central Atlantic on July 11, east-northeast of Bermuda.[65] Though the system remained embedded within the trough and had not developed a compact wind field, a well-defined center of circulation developed along with persistent deep convection early on July 14, prompting the NHC to classify it as Subtropical Storm Don early that morning.[66] Don's deep convection decreased later that day,[67] and it weakened to a subtropical depression early on July 16.[68] The next day, while beginning an anticyclonic loop over the central Atlantic, steered by a blocking ridge to its north, the system transitioned to a tropical depression.[69] Not long after, Don was upgraded to a tropical storm based on satellite wind data.[70] A few days later, while moving over the Gulf Stream on July 22, the storm quickly strengthened into the season's first hurricane.[71] Don remained a minimal Category 1 hurricane for 12 hours before weakening to a tropical storm early on July 23, when its structure quickly deteriorated as it moved over increasingly cooler waters north of the Gulf Stream.[72] Don continued to weaken due to cold waters and shear into the next day, transitioning to a post-tropical cyclone on July 24.[73]

Tropical Storm Gert

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 19 – August 22
Peak intensity40 mph (65 km/h) (1-min);
1006 mbar (hPa)

On August 13, the National Hurricane Center began monitoring a tropical wave coming off the coast of Africa, initially giving it a low chance of development through the next seven days.[74] Despite only marginally favorable conditions, the system slowly became more organized as it moved west-northwest over the open ocean, eventually prompting the NHC to designate it as Tropical Depression Six late on August 19.[75] Despite high vertical wind shear and otherwise unfavorable conditions, the system strengthened into Tropical Storm Gert at midnight on August 21.[76] However, increased wind shear from the outflow of nearby Tropical Storm Franklin caused Gert to subsequently weaken to a tropical depression that same afternoon, before losing its deep convection the following day and becoming a remnant low.[77][78]

Tropical Storm Emily

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 20 – August 21
Peak intensity50 mph (85 km/h) (1-min);
1001 mbar (hPa)

On August 15, a tropical wave being monitored by the NHC emerged off the coast of Africa into the eastern Atlantic.[79] Over the next few days, the system gradually organized under generally favorable conditions. On August 20, satellite wind data indicated that it was producing gale-force winds in its northern side, and the center became well-defined, prompting the NHC to designate the system as Tropical Storm Emily later that day.[80] Shortly after its formation, Emily was already beginning to be affected by high wind shear and a dry environment, leaving its center exposed. Eventually, Emily became devoid of deep convection and became a post-tropical cyclone on August 21.[81] However, the NHC continued to monitor the system for the chance of it redeveloping as the remnant low turned northward.[82] The system began to reorganize as it moved into the subtropical Atlantic and at 00:00 UTC on August 24, the NHC assessed the system as having a high chance of redeveloping back into a tropical cyclone within the next 48 hours.[83] However, the system failed to organize further and started to unravel later that day.[84]

Hurricane Franklin

Template:Infobox weather event/CurrentTemplate:Infobox weather event/live
Hurricane Franklin
Satellite image of Hurricane Franklin
Satellite image
 Forecast map for Hurricane Franklin
Forecast map

On August 17, the NHC noted the possibility of the formation of a disturbance on the back-end of a trough of low pressure as it headed westward towards the Leeward Islands.[85] An area of low pressure formed on August 19 east of the Leeward Islands, and on August 20, the NHC designated the system as Tropical Storm Franklin.[86][87] The storm made landfall on Hispaniola on August 23.[88]

Franklin brought heavy rainfall and wind, causing damage to buildings, homes, and light posts.[89] Two fatalities were reported in the Dominican Republic, with an additional person also missing.[89] At least 350 people were displaced, and more than 500 homes and 2,500 roads were affected or damaged.[90] Several communities in the Dominican Republic were cut off, and nearly 350,000 homes were left without power, and an additional 1.6 million homes were cut off from potable water.[90]

Current storm information

As of 11:00 a.m. AST (15:00 UTC) August 26, Tropical Storm Franklin is located within 30 nautical miles of 23°30′N 66°42′W / 23.5°N 66.7°W / 23.5; -66.7 (Franklin), about 315 miles (505 km) east-northeast of Grand Turk Island and about 620 miles (1,000 km) south of Bermuda. Maximum sustained winds are 75 mph (120 km/h), with gusts up to 90 mph (150 km/h). The minimum barometric pressure is 989 mbar (29.21 inHg), and the system is moving north-northwest at 7 mph (11 km/h). Hurricane-force winds extend outward up to 10 miles (20 km) from the center and tropical storm-force winds extend outward up to 140 miles (220 km).

For the latest official information, see:

Tropical Storm Harold

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 21 – August 23
Peak intensity50 mph (85 km/h) (1-min);
996 mbar (hPa)

On August 15, the NHC noted the possibility of the formation of a low-pressure area in the Gulf of Mexico.[79] The disturbance that was expected to enter the region was first identified as an area of disturbed weather north of Hispaniola late on August 17.[91] The disturbance reached the Gulf of Mexico and began to become better organized. At 15:00 UTC on August 21, the NHC initiated advisories on the disturbance in order to issue tropical storm warnings along the South Texas coastline.[92] Further organization ensued, and the system developed into Tropical Depression Nine six hours later.[93] Moving quickly westward, the depression intensified into Tropical Storm Harold at 06:00 UTC on August 22.[94] Harold strengthened some more before making landfall on Padre Island, Texas at 15:00 UTC that day with maximum sustained winds of 50 mph (80 km/h).[95] Six hours later, it weakened into a tropical depression.[96] Early on August 23, it weakened into a remnant low as its circulation became increasingly ill-defined.[97]

The storm brought gusty wind conditions, as well as up to 2 in (51 mm) of rain in Texas.[98] Over 35,000 customers across southern Texas lost power.[99]

Storm names

Main articles: Tropical cyclone naming, History of tropical cyclone naming, and List of historic tropical cyclone names

The following list of names is being used for named storms that form in the North Atlantic in 2023. This is the same list used in the 2017 season, with the exceptions of Harold, Idalia, Margot, and Nigel, which replaced Harvey, Irma, Maria, and Nate, respectively.[100] The name Harold was used for the first time this year.

  • Arlene
  • Bret
  • Cindy
  • Don
  • Emily
  • Franklin (active)
  • Gert
  • Harold
  • Idalia (unused)
  • Jose (unused)
  • Katia (unused)
  • Lee (unused)
  • Margot (unused)
  • Nigel (unused)
  • Ophelia (unused)
  • Philippe (unused)
  • Rina (unused)
  • Sean (unused)
  • Tammy (unused)
  • Vince (unused)
  • Whitney (unused)

Names retired after the season, if any, will be announced by the World Meteorological Organization in the spring of 2024. The names not retired from this list will be used again in the 2029 season.

Season effects

This is a table of all of the storms that have formed in the 2023 Atlantic hurricane season. It includes their duration, names, intensities, areas affected, damages, and death totals. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident), but were still related to that storm. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical, a wave, or a low, and all of the damage figures are in 2023 USD.

Saffir–Simpson scale
TD TS C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
2023 North Atlantic tropical cyclone season statistics
Storm
name 		Dates active Storm category
at peak intensity 		Max 1-min
wind
mph (km/h) 		Min.
press.
(mbar) 		Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Ref(s)
Unnamed January 16–17 Subtropical storm 70 (110) 976 New England, Atlantic Canada None None
Arlene June 1–3 Tropical storm 40 (65) 998 Florida, Western Cuba None None
Bret June 19–24 Tropical storm 70 (110) 996 Windward Islands, Leeward Antilles, Northern Venezuela, Northeastern Colombia Minimal None [54]
Cindy June 22–26 Tropical storm 60 (95) 1004 None None None
Don July 14–24 Category 1 hurricane 75 (120) 988 None None None
Gert August 19–22 Tropical storm 40 (65) 1006 None None None
Emily August 20–21 Tropical storm 50 (85) 1001 None None None
Franklin August 20–Present Category 1 hurricane 75 (120) 989 Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Turks and Caicos Islands, Bermuda Unknown 2 [88]
Harold August 21–23 Tropical storm 50 (85) 996 Texas, Northern Mexico Unknown None
Season aggregates
9 systems January 16 – Season ongoing   75 (120) 976 Unknown 2  

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The "strength" of a tropical cyclone is measured by the minimum barometric pressure, not wind speed. Most meteorological organizations rate the intensity of a storm by this figure, so the lower the minimum pressure of the storm, the more intense or "stronger" it is considered to be. The strongest winds were actually from Don, at 75 mph (120 km/h).

References

  1. ^ "Hurricanes Frequently Asked Questions". Miami, Florida: Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory. June 1, 2023. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
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