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==Early Life, Education, ==
==Early Life, Education, ==
Cartwright was born in [[Kansas City, Kansas]] on May 27, 1919, and grew up in [[Tulsa, Oklahoma]]. He graduated from [[Booker T. Washington High School (Tulsa, Oklahoma)|Booker T. Washington High School]] in 1936, and attended [[Kansas State Teachers College]] at [[Emporia, Kansas]]. He was then drafted into the United States Army in 1941.<ref name="bh">{{cite web |title=Brigadier General Roscoe C. Cartwright |url=http://www.myblackhistory.net/Roscoe_Cartwright.htm |accessdate=21 August 2020}}</ref>
Cartwright was born in [[Kansas City, Kansas]] on May 27, 1919, and grew up in [[Tulsa, Oklahoma]]. He graduated from [[Booker T. Washington High School (Tulsa, Oklahoma)|Booker T. Washington High School]] in 1936, and attended [[Kansas State Teachers College]] at [[Emporia, Kansas]]. He graduated from San Francisco State College with a BA Degree in Social Science. He also earned a MBA in Business Administration from the University of Missouri.


Cartwright was a 1974 initiate of [[Alpha Phi Alpha]] Fraternity, Inc. a traditionally African-American college fraternity. Cartwright was also a 33rd degree mason.
Cartwright was a 1974 initiate of [[Alpha Phi Alpha]] Fraternity, Inc. a traditionally African-American college fraternity. Cartwright was also a 33rd degree mason.


==Military Career==
==Military Career==
In 1941, the U.S. Army drafted Cartwright into the [[US Army]] as an enlisted man.<ref name="bh">{{cite web |title=Brigadier General Roscoe C. Cartwright |url=http://www.myblackhistory.net/Roscoe_Cartwright.htm |accessdate=21 August 2020}}</ref>
⚫
Cartwright served in Italy in World War II, and later served in Japan and Korea, in the all-black brigade of the [[92nd Infantry Division]], also known as the Buffalo Soldiers, and commanded by all-white officers. At the end of WWII, he was promoted to first lieutenant.

⚫
Cartwright served in Italy in [[World War II]], and later served in Japan and Korea, in the all-black brigade of the [[92nd Infantry Division]], also known as the Buffalo Soldiers, and commanded by all-white officers. At the end of WWII, he was promoted to first lieutenant.


In 1954, he was the first officer to successfully transfer from a segregated unit into the "regular" integrated army, and was promoted to major. In 1960, he returned to college, graduating with a [[bachelor of arts]] degree from [[San Francisco State College]] in 1960. He served in Vietnam until 1971, when he became the third black man after General [[Benjamin O. Davis Sr]], and General [[Benjamin O. Davis Jr]] to be promoted to brigadier general.
In 1954, he was the first officer to successfully transfer from a segregated unit into the "regular" integrated army, and was promoted to major. In 1960, he returned to college, graduating with a [[bachelor of arts]] degree from [[San Francisco State College]] in 1960. He served in Vietnam until 1971, when he became the third black man after General [[Benjamin O. Davis Sr]], and General [[Benjamin O. Davis Jr]] to be promoted to brigadier general.

Revision as of 15:53, 21 August 2021

For the American football running back, see Rock Cartwright.
black military leaders
Brigadier General Roscoe "Rock" Cartwright
General Roscoe "Rock" Conkln Cartwright
1971 Alpha Phi Alpha Award of Honor in Sphinx magazine

Roscoe Conklin "Rock" Cartwright (May 27, 1919 - December 1, 1974) was the United States' third-ever African American U.S. Army Brigadier General and the first black field artilleryman promoted to Brigadier General.

Early Life, Education,

Cartwright was born in Kansas City, Kansas on May 27, 1919, and grew up in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He graduated from Booker T. Washington High School in 1936, and attended Kansas State Teachers College at Emporia, Kansas. He graduated from San Francisco State College with a BA Degree in Social Science. He also earned a MBA in Business Administration from the University of Missouri.

Cartwright was a 1974 initiate of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. a traditionally African-American college fraternity. Cartwright was also a 33rd degree mason.

Military Career

In 1941, the U.S. Army drafted Cartwright into the US Army as an enlisted man.[1]

Cartwright served in Italy in World War II, and later served in Japan and Korea, in the all-black brigade of the 92nd Infantry Division, also known as the Buffalo Soldiers, and commanded by all-white officers. At the end of WWII, he was promoted to first lieutenant.

In 1954, he was the first officer to successfully transfer from a segregated unit into the "regular" integrated army, and was promoted to major. In 1960, he returned to college, graduating with a bachelor of arts degree from San Francisco State College in 1960. He served in Vietnam until 1971, when he became the third black man after General Benjamin O. Davis Sr, and General Benjamin O. Davis Jr to be promoted to brigadier general.

He retired in from a post at the Pentagon in 1974.

Major Assignments

  • November 1963-August 1966: Comptroller, U.S. Army Garrison, Fort Leavenworth, KS.
  • August 1966-July 1968: Management Analyst, later Chief, Management Planning Division, later Chief, Research and Development Division, Office of the Director of Management, Office, Comptroller of the Army, Washington, DC.
  • August 1968-June 1969: Student, Industrial College of the Armed Forces, Fort Lesley J. McNair, Washington, DC.
  • August 1969-January 1970: Commanding Officer, 108th Artillery Group, U.S. Army Pacific – Vietnam.
  • February-July 1970: Deputy Commanding Officer, U.S. Army Support Command, Cam Ranh Bay U.S. Army, Pacific – Vietnam.
  • August 1970-July 1971: Chief, Budget and Five Year Defense Program, Coordination Division, Manpower and Forces Directorate, Officer of the Assistant Chief of Staff for Force Development, U.S. Army, Washington, DC.
  • July-November 1971: Special Assistant to the Assistant Chief of Staff for Force Development, U.S. Army, Washington, DC.
  • November 1971-February 1972: Director of Management, Review and Analysis, Officer, Comptroller of the Army, Washington, DC.
  • February 1972-July 1973: Assistant Division Command, 3rd Infantry Division, U.S. Army, Europe.
  • August 1973-August 1974: Deputy Chief of Staff, Comptroller, U.S. Army, Europe and Seventh Army

Medals and Awards

Military Schools

Roscoe C. Cartwright Prince Hall Lodge No. 129 paying respects to namesake on Memorial Day 2015
Roscoe C. Cartwright Prince Hall Lodge No. 129 paying respects to namesake on Memorial Day 2015
  • The Artillery School, School, Advanced Course
  • United States Army Command and General Staff College
  • Industrial College of the Armed Forces

Death, TWA Flight 514 Crash

On December 1, 1974, Cartwright and his wife Gloria were killed on TWA Flight 514.[2]

Cartwright and his wife Gloria were buried at Arlington National Cemetery.[3]

Legacy

  • Cartwright was co-founder of The Rocks, Inc., the largest professional military officers organization with a majority African-American membership.[4][5] The organization has been essential in the development of black military officers including member Colin Powell, as discussed in his autobiography.[6]

Career highlights

[8]

References

  1. ^ "Brigadier General Roscoe C. Cartwright". Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  2. ^ "The Crash of TWA Flight 514". Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  3. ^ Burial Details: Cartwright, Roscoe C – ANC Explorer
  4. ^ MOAA Magazine "Reaching Up, Reaching Out".
  5. ^ Roscoe Rock Cartwright Biography from RCC 129 by Dorian Cartwright. http://www.rcc129.org/bg-cartwright.html
  6. ^ Steins, R. (2003). Colin Powell: a biography. United Kingdom: Greenwood Press
  7. ^ Roscoe C. Cartwright Prince Hall Masonic Lodge
  8. ^ https://militaryhallofhonor.com/honoree-record.php?id=2318
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